how to identify psychedelic mushrooms of southeastern usa :: mushroomstore.biz

<body> <div id="header"> <div class="superHeader"> <div class="left"> <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushrooms+growbox.php" title="Mushrooms Growbox" alt="Mushrooms Growbox" >Mushrooms Growbox</a> - <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+brasiliensis.php" title="Psilocybe Brasiliensis" alt="Psilocybe Brasiliensis" >Psilocybe Brasiliensis</a> </div> <div class="right"> <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybin+mushroom+identification+uk.php" title="Psilocybin Mushroom Identification Uk" alt="Psilocybin Mushroom Identification Uk" >Psilocybin Mushroom Identification Uk</a> - <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magicmushroomsgrowinginwoodchips.php" title="Magicmushroomsgrowinginwoodchips" alt="Magicmushroomsgrowinginwoodchips" >Magicmushroomsgrowinginwoodchips</a> - <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/how+to+grow+psilocybe+cubensis+in+dung.php" title="How To Grow Psilocybe Cubensis In Dung" alt="How To Grow Psilocybe Cubensis In Dung" >How To Grow Psilocybe Cubensis In Dung</a> - <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/what+to+do+while+on+shrooms.php" title="What To Do While On Shrooms" alt="What To Do While On Shrooms" >What To Do While On Shrooms</a> - <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/edible+wild+mushroom/where+to+find+magic+mushroom/" title="Edible Wild Mushroom Where To Find Magic Mushroom" alt="Edible Wild Mushroom Where To Find Magic Mushroom" >Edible Wild Mushroom Where To Find Magic Mushroom</a> </div> </div> <div class="midHeader"> <h1 class="headerTitle">how to identify psychedelic mushrooms of southeastern usa</h1> </div> <div class="subHeader"> <a href="/">Home</a> - <a href="/Articles.html">Chat</a> - <a href="/Forum.html">Chat</a> - <a href="/Articles.html">Contact</a> - <a href="/Gallery.html">Archives</a> </div> </div> <div id="side-bar"> <div> <p class="sideBarTitle">News</p> <ul> <li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/where+to+find+magic+mushrooms+in+the+usa.php" title="Mushrooms Where To The Find The In The" alt="Mushrooms Where To The Find The In The" >Mushrooms Where To The Find The In The</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/legal+magic+mushroom/maitake+mushroom.php" title="Legal Magic Mushroom Maitake Mushroom" alt="Legal Magic Mushroom Maitake Mushroom" >Legal Magic Mushroom Maitake Mushroom</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/shroom+cow+fungus.php" title="Shroom Cow Fungus" alt="Shroom Cow Fungus" >Shroom Cow Fungus</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/wheredoesPsilocybeSemilanceatagrow.php" title="Wheredoespsilocybesemilanceatagrow" alt="Wheredoespsilocybesemilanceatagrow" >Wheredoespsilocybesemilanceatagrow</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybecubensisgrowinginhorsedunginiowa.php" title="Psilocybecubensisgrowinginhorsedunginiowa" alt="Psilocybecubensisgrowinginhorsedunginiowa" >Psilocybecubensisgrowinginhorsedunginiowa</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybin+mushrooms/danger+of+shrooms.php" title="Psilocybin Mushrooms Danger Of Shrooms" alt="Psilocybin Mushrooms Danger Of Shrooms" >Psilocybin Mushrooms Danger Of Shrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushroom+forum.php" title="Magic Mushroom Forum" alt="Magic Mushroom Forum" >Magic Mushroom Forum</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/fungi+mushroom/magic+mushroom+kit/" title="Fungi Mushroom Magic Mushroom Kit" alt="Fungi Mushroom Magic Mushroom Kit" >Fungi Mushroom Magic Mushroom Kit</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/picsofmagicmushroomsfoundinthemarylandregion.php" title="Picsofmagicmushroomsfoundinthemarylandregion" alt="Picsofmagicmushroomsfoundinthemarylandregion" >Picsofmagicmushroomsfoundinthemarylandregion</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/stuffed+mushroom+cap/" title="Stuffed Mushroom Cap" alt="Stuffed Mushroom Cap" >Stuffed Mushroom Cap</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magicmushroomsforsale.php" title="Magicmushroomsforsale" alt="Magicmushroomsforsale" >Magicmushroomsforsale</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/iowasmagicmushrooms.php" title="Iowasmagicmushrooms" alt="Iowasmagicmushrooms" >Iowasmagicmushrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushroom+drug+test/mario+mushroom/" title="Magic Mushroom Drug Test Mario Mushroom" alt="Magic Mushroom Drug Test Mario Mushroom" >Magic Mushroom Drug Test Mario Mushroom</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/drug+shrooms+info/" title="Drug Shrooms Info" alt="Drug Shrooms Info" >Drug Shrooms Info</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/fresh+magic+mushroom/" title="Fresh Magic Mushroom" alt="Fresh Magic Mushroom" >Fresh Magic Mushroom</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+cubensis+ILLINOIS/Psilocybe+quebecensis.php" title="Psilocybe Cubensis Illinois Psilocybe Quebecensis" alt="Psilocybe Cubensis Illinois Psilocybe Quebecensis" >Psilocybe Cubensis Illinois Psilocybe Quebecensis</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/united+states+coins.php" title="United States Coins" alt="United States Coins" >United States Coins</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroomsfromsouthAmerica.php" title="Mushroomsfromsouthamerica" alt="Mushroomsfromsouthamerica" >Mushroomsfromsouthamerica</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psychoactivelawnmushrooms.php" title="Psychoactivelawnmushrooms" alt="Psychoactivelawnmushrooms" >Psychoactivelawnmushrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/puffball+mushroom.php" title="Puffball Archives Puffball" alt="Puffball Archives Puffball" >Puffball Archives Puffball</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/edible+mushroom.php" title="Mushroom Edible" alt="Mushroom Edible" >Mushroom Edible</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/pickingshroomsinhawaii.php" title="Pickingshroomsinhawaii" alt="Pickingshroomsinhawaii" >Pickingshroomsinhawaii</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+azurescens+spores+canada.php" title="Psilocybe Azurescens Spores Canada" alt="Psilocybe Azurescens Spores Canada" >Psilocybe Azurescens Spores Canada</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/foolscrab.php" title="Foolscrab" alt="Foolscrab" >Foolscrab</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+cubensis/psilocybe+hispanica.php" title="Psilocybe Archives Psilocybe Archives Cubensis Archives Psilocybe" alt="Psilocybe Archives Psilocybe Archives Cubensis Archives Psilocybe" >Psilocybe Archives Psilocybe Archives Cubensis Archives Psilocybe</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/grow+magic+mushroom+rye/magic+mushroom+statistics.php" title="Mushroom Magic Mushroom Mushroom Magic Magic Rye" alt="Mushroom Magic Mushroom Mushroom Magic Magic Rye" >Mushroom Magic Mushroom Mushroom Magic Magic Rye</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/deadly+mushrooms+that+grow+in+manure.php" title="Deadly Mushrooms That Grow In Manure" alt="Deadly Mushrooms That Grow In Manure" >Deadly Mushrooms That Grow In Manure</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psychoactive+mushrooms.php" title="Mushrooms Psychoactive" alt="Mushrooms Psychoactive" >Mushrooms Psychoactive</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/medicinal+mushroom.php" title="Medicinal Mushroom" alt="Medicinal Mushroom" >Medicinal Mushroom</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroom+spore/" title="Mushroom Spore" alt="Mushroom Spore" >Mushroom Spore</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+caerulipes+maryland.php" title="Psilocybe Caerulipes Maryland" alt="Psilocybe Caerulipes Maryland" >Psilocybe Caerulipes Maryland</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/cubensis.php" title="Cubensis" alt="Cubensis" >Cubensis</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/Psilocybehorse.php" title="Psilocybehorse" alt="Psilocybehorse" >Psilocybehorse</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybecaerulipes.php" title="Psilocybecaerulipes" alt="Psilocybecaerulipes" >Psilocybecaerulipes</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/where+to+find+magic+mushrooms/liberty+cap+locations+mushrooms.php" title="Liberty Find Magic Mushrooms Where Where To Cap To" alt="Liberty Find Magic Mushrooms Where Where To Cap To" >Liberty Find Magic Mushrooms Where Where To Cap To</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushroom+picture/magic+mushroom+canada.php" title="Magic Mushroom Picture Magic Mushroom Canada" alt="Magic Mushroom Picture Magic Mushroom Canada" >Magic Mushroom Picture Magic Mushroom Canada</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/horse+manure+magic+shrooms.php" title="Horse Manure Magic Shrooms" alt="Horse Manure Magic Shrooms" >Horse Manure Magic Shrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/coin+variety/psilocybe+caerulipes.php" title="Coin Variety Psilocybe Caerulipes" alt="Coin Variety Psilocybe Caerulipes" >Coin Variety Psilocybe Caerulipes</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/find+shrooms.php" title="Find Shrooms" alt="Find Shrooms" >Find Shrooms</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/bad+shrooms/psilocybe+quebecensis/" title="Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis" alt="Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis" >Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/sitemap.aspx">Sitemap</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/sitemap.xml">Sitemap XML</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/rss/">RSS</a></li><li><a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mobile.aspx">Mobile version</a></li></li> </ul> </div> <div> <p class="sideBarTitle">Articles</p> <ul> <li></li> </ul> </div> <div> <p class="sideBarTitle">Validation</p> <span class="sideBarText"> Validate the <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer">XHTML</a> and <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer">CSS</a> of this page. </span> </div> </div> <div id="main-copy"> <h1 id="introduction">which mushrooms mushrooms mushrooms grow in chips</h1> <p><img border="3" src="/images/Identifying-Magic-Mushrooms-Victoria-Buy-Dipropylt" > and familiarity with psychotropic mushrooms in Europe that is most likely derived from usage of Psilocybes and related species, rather than experience with Amanita muscaria. However, it is extremely difficult to reject or confirm this hypothesis, due to the lack of conclusive data available for analysis today. Bwyd Ellylon: A Feast of Fairies in Celebration of the Spirit World Tales of ritualistic mushroom usage have found their way into the realm of myths and legends. For instance, one legend describes a peculiar poisonous mushroom in Wales (British Isles) with the strange name of Bwyd Ellylon, which was considered a delicacy by fairies feasting in celebration of the spirit world. Psilocybe semilanceata is the most important psilocybincontaining mushroom in Europe and it thrives in parts of Great Britain, where the mushroom grows abundantly all across the Welsh countryside during fall season. I would like to thank G. Samorini for pointing out that the Inquisition was unusually cruel and vicious in the Alpine valleys of Valcamonica, Valtrompia and Valtellina (located in the provinces of Brescia and Sandrio in Northern Italy). Many books chronicle countless witch burnings in that region, with particular emphasis on the witches' meetings at the "Monte del Tonale", located at an altitude of 2000 m (ca. 6,000 ft). Field research has shown that plants of the nightshade family ("witching herbs") do not grow at this altitude; even the fly agaric mushroom is rarely found there. By contrast, pastures in the area abound with Psilocybe semilanceata during the fall. Given this historical context, it would seem likely that Psilocybe semilanceata played an important role as a psychotropic agent in the region (see Figure 58, Chapter 7.4). In light of medieval accounts describing the practice of witchcraft, it is interesting to note that a subjective sensation of flying or levitation is among the commonly reported effects of psilocybin intoxication. Berserk Rage of Nordic Warriors In the course of the ideological power struggle between Christianity and the remnants of pagan religions that worshipped Nature, many sources of knowledge were lost. The aggressive repression and eradication of pre-Christian customs all but destroyed the continuity of Europe's original cultural heritage, along with much historic evidence documenting early cultural practices, including the usage of plants and mushrooms for the purpose of temporary alterations of consciousness. Some authors went so far as to blame the fly agaric mushroom for proverbial fits of "berserk rage" attributed to Nordic warriors. Many accounts detailing this phenomenon allude to a "deception of the eyes" (i.e. visual hallucinations). After the Nordic legal system banished the practice of "going berserk", it disappeared quite suddenly during the 12th century. At about the same time, Saxo Grammaticus speculated that the Berserkers may have used mag e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, Alnus and Salix, on raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and Larix needles, as Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting curve of Psilocybe cyanescens based on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia. The mycelia make use of different kinds of plant debris and even grow on wet cardboard, where they develop into rhizomorphs just like they would in nature. Rhizomorphs are thick strands of mycelia that serve to transport nutrients and water. They also develop intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent areas (according to Krieglsteiner). Locations are indicated by black dots. Figure 22 Psilocybe bohemica rhizomorphs growing on wet cardboard. Figure 24 - Psilocybe cyanescens at a natural location (USA). Figure 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe bohemica is a very psychoactive species. Its effects are vividly documented in the following account of one natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical trials in Prague: About 30 mg of psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten minutes after ingestion. I grew increasingly quiet. At first, my legs began to tingle, then my underarms as well. Aside from a deeper breathing rhythm, few other somatic effects were noted. Initially there were fits of laughter caused by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also affected the two "sober" guides. A growing hyperacuity interfered with the ability to listen to music, so that Vivaldi's "Springtime" caused painful stabs inside the brain. I compared the pain to that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow... Existing bodily characteristics, such as thinning hair stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, from a somewhat paranoid point of view, these gentlemen at times seemed to be working a switching station that, for some reasons, was my enemy. At the same time, I found both of them to be quite likeable. During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding behind closed eyes. During this period, I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an uncomfortable sensation. About three hours later, the gentlemen retired to the kitchen and the nature of the experience changed quite drastically. At first I felt as if my legs were increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. In a state of utter clarity of consciousness, I finally felt as if I had no body at all. I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of a pure soul". Using words as triggers, we were able to induce shared experiences o More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality &#44 &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#104&#111 gorge themselves on our tax dollars. I met Jochen Gartz shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall at the third symposium of the European College for the Study of Consciousness (ECSC) &#105&#110 &#70&#114&#101&#105&#98&#117&#114&#103&#44 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#46 &#79&#117&#114 encounter was my first contact with a researcher &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#111&#114&#109&#101&#114&#13&#10&#69&#97&#115&#116 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#46 Jochen Gartz's &#101&#110&#116&#104&#117&#115&#105&#97&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#108&#101&#99&#116&#117&#114&#101&#13&#10&#119&#97&#115 &#97 &#116&#114&#117&#108&#121 consciousnessexpanding &#101&#118&#101&#110&#116&#44 &#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#119&#111&#114&#100&#115 &#98&#114&#101&#97&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#100&#111&#119&#110 traditional borders &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#114&#111&#115&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#118&#101&#114 &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#110&#101&#119 &#116&#101&#114&#114&#105&#116&#111&#114&#121&#46 &#84&#104&#101 magic mushrooms spoke &#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#104&#105&#109 &#45 &#119&#105&#116&#104 no &#116&#114&#97&#99&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#100&#111&#103&#109&#97 &#111&#114 &#105&#100&#101&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 - in the tradition of &#116&#114&#117&#101 &#97&#110&#97&#114&#99&#104&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 the hallmark of mushroom magic.<br> What I heard was &#117&#110&#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#97&#98&#108&#101&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#115&#112&#111&#107&#101 &#111&#102 &#97 &#34&#110&#101&#119&#34 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 mushroom and its migration.<br> The mycelia had &#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#105&#99 &#99&#105&#114&#99&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#117&#116&#119&#97&#114&#100 from &#76&#101&#105&#112&#122&#105&#103&#44 &#106&#117&#109&#112&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#97&#108&#108 &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#98&#111&#114&#100&#101&#114&#115&#46 &#70&#105&#110&#97&#108&#108&#121&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#110 the &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#99&#104&#101&#100 &#87&#101&#115&#116 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110 &#115&#111&#105&#108&#44 the &#104&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#66&#101&#114&#108&#105&#110 &#87&#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#99&#114&#117&#109&#98&#108&#101&#100&#46 &#67&#111&#117&#108&#100 there possibly be a connection between &#116&#104&#101 <b>myspace mushroom contact tables</b> &#101&#118&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 <i>Mushrooms From South America</i> mushroom and the evolution of our consciousness? Could &#97&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#111 the &#114&#101&#115&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#111&#117&#114 &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#99&#111&#110&#102&#108&#105&#99&#116&#115&#63&#13&#10&#73&#110 the past, politicians, even popes, &#104&#97&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#111&#119&#110 &#106&#101&#115&#116&#101&#114&#115 &#97&#110&#100 magicians, who functioned as pressure release &#118&#97&#108&#118&#101&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#99&#104&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 of political power struggles. It is obvious that &#97&#13&#10&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#121 &#119&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#99&#104&#97&#110&#99&#101&#108&#108&#111&#114 &#105&#115 &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103 pelted with eggs, &#117&#114&#103&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#110&#101&#101&#100&#115 &#97 &#110&#101&#119 breed of magician who are &#97&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#111 &#114&#101&#97&#100&#106&#117&#115&#116 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#46 But today, no aspiring magician should &#103&#111 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#116&#97&#115&#107 without this book as &#97 &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 wondrous journey into the realm &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#46&#13&#10&#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110 &#82&#100&#116&#115&#99&#104&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 5 - &#34&#65&#110&#116&#104&#114&#111&#112&#111&#109&#111&#114&#112&#104&#105&#99 &#66&#101&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#69&#110&#103&#97&#103&#101&#100 &#105&#110 Mushroom &#68&#97&#110&#99&#101&#34&#13&#10&#49&#48&#44&#48&#48&#48&#45&#121&#101&#97&#114&#45&#111&#108&#100 &#114&#111&#99&#107 &#100&#114&#97&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110 Tassili, Sahara (Algeria) CHAPTER 1 I BELIEVE THE TIME HAS COME FOR A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF NEW FINDINGS FROM THE FIELDS OF MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When R.G. Wasson, R. Heim and A.<br> Hofmann <u>shrooms drawing of death trees</u> began &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#100&#105&#115&#99&#105&#112&#108&#105&#110&#97&#114&#121 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#112&#114&#111&#103&#114&#97&#109 &#116&#111 study the Mexican species &#111&#102&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushrooms+spores.php" title="Spores Mushrooms Magic" alt="Spores Mushrooms Magic" >Spores Mushrooms Magic</a> &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 in &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#115&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 culminated &#105&#110 &#97&#13&#10&#49&#57&#53&#56 &#108&#97&#110&#100&#109&#97&#114&#107 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116 that described the isolation, molecular structure and synthesis of the mushrooms' active ingredients: &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#105&#110&#46 &#83&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#121&#101&#97&#114&#115 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 substances were also identified in a species of mushroom &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#44 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97&#44 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 became the first in a series of newly discovered species.<br> &#83&#105&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#110&#44 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 other genera have &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#105&#110&#99&#114&#101&#97&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#102&#114&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#99&#121&#46&#13&#10&#65&#115 part of my analytical work &#100&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 naturally occurring chemicals, I had &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#111&#111&#100 &#102&#111&#114&#116&#117&#110&#101 &#116&#111 be part of a research team that studied alkaloids found &#105&#110 &#97&#13&#10&#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#121 &#111&#102 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species. Now I believe the time has come for a &#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#114&#101&#118&#105&#101&#119 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#101&#119 &#102&#105&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103&#115 from the fields &#111&#102 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121&#44&#13&#10&#116&#97&#120&#111&#110&#111&#109&#121 &#97&#110&#100 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 <b>Rhizomorphs P. Cubesis</b> &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#116&#115 chemistry.<br> Wasson and his &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#111&#114&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#108&#114&#101&#97&#100&#121 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#101&#100 accounts pertaining &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 of &#116&#104&#101 &#77&#101 It has been suggested by an Australian physician that the general public in Australia, as well as members of its drug using subculture, first became aware of the visionary properties of these psychoactive mushrooms by a visiting surfer(s), who came from either New Zealand or the United States (Hawaii) and most likely provided ethnomycological information to local surfers (McCarthy, 1971). This physician reported that the use of psychoactive mushrooms, as well as 21 other drugs "was well demonstrated during a survey on drug abuse that was conducted in Southern Queensland during l969." This survey relied on interviews of 51 people belonging to "the `surfer' subculture local beach resorts". In this report, the doctor believed that "although the survey involved surfers and their female friends, there is no suggestion that the use of these drugs is confined to this group, which constitutes but a proportion of our (Australian) young drug taking community." It is thus likely that word-of-mouth communication made a significant contribution to the increasing use of "magic mushrooms" in Australia and NZ. CATTLE AS A POSSIBLE DISPERSAL MECHANISM FOR PSYCHOACTIVE DUNG FUNGI One may ask the question, "how did these mushrooms arrive in Australia and New Zealand?" Well some species may be endemic,that is, they were already there naturally. Other species such as the above described dung-inhabiting mushrooms most likelyappeared after the introduction of cattle on the subcontinent.The first livestock to arrive in Australia were brought from the Cape of Good Hope in1788, and included 2 bulls and 5 cows, along with other domesticated farm animals. Byl803, the government owned approximately 1800 cattle, most of which were importedfrom the Cape, Calcutta, and the west coast of America. It was during this period thatsome of the visionary mushrooms mentioned in this field guide probably first appeared inAustralia (Unsigned, 1973). According to Australian mycologist John Burton Cleland(1934), "fungi growing in cow or horse-dung and confined to such habitats, must in thecase of Australia, all belong to introduced species". It is believed to have been the SouthAfrican dung beetle which may have actually spread the spores. According to Englishmycologist Roy Watling of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Glasgow, Scotland, "it must beremembered that fungi can change substrate preferences and there are coprophilousfungi on kangaroo droppings etc." Some mycologists who have studied the "magicmushrooms" in Australia and NZ claim that the "use of P. cubensis as a recreational drugtends to confirm the belief that some] farmers in early times may have] added one or two basidiomes gilled mushrooms] to a mealto liven it up and still do] Margot & Watling, 1981)." The Mazatec Indians, who have a long tradition of using the mushrooms, inhabit a range of mountains called the Sierra Mazateca in the northeastern corner of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. The shamans in this essay are all natives of the town of Huautla de Jimenez. Properly speaking they are Huautecans; but since the language they speak has been called Mazatec and they have been referred to in the previous anthropological literature as Mazatecs, I have retained that name, though strictly speaking, Mazatecs are the inhabitants of the village of Mazatlan in the same mountains. More &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#104&#97&#108&#102 &#111&#102 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#39&#115 beef cattle can be <b>psilocybin spore oregon</b> <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/whichmushroomsgrowoncowdung.php" title="Whichmushroomsgrowoncowdung" alt="Whichmushroomsgrowoncowdung" >Whichmushroomsgrowoncowdung</a> &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#97&#115&#116&#97&#108 areas of Queensland and New South Wales; and the 20 &#116&#111 &#51&#48 &#105&#110&#99&#104 &#40&#53&#48&#48&#45&#55&#53&#48&#109&#109&#41 <b>things to do on shrooms</b> rainfall belt of Queensland, New South Wales &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#110 &#86&#105&#99&#116&#111&#114&#105&#97&#44 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101 &#97&#100&#101&#113&#117&#97&#116&#101 climatic environments for &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104 &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44 especially &#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#104&#101&#97&#118&#121 &#114&#97&#105&#110&#115&#46 &#73&#116 has been &#115&#117&#103&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 was introduced into Australia accidentally by early settlers along with their &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#115&#112&#111&#114&#101 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#101&#114&#115&#97&#108 mechanism also probably applies &#116&#111 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 subbalteatus and &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#97&#100&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 to occur in or around the &#100&#117&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115&#46 This includes Psilocybe semilanceata and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle &#97&#114&#101 &#114&#97&#105&#115&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#97&#108&#108 Australian states, as well as in &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#97&#108 &#108&#111&#119&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#44 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#117&#115&#101&#114&#115 have been &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#111 &#101&#120&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#112&#116&#105&#99 species &#116&#111 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#105&#110 Australia from areas where &#116&#104&#101&#121 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100&#46 &#73&#110 the &#99&#97&#115&#101 &#111&#102 &#78&#101&#119 &#90&#101&#97&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44 hereafter referred to as NZ, cattle are the primary source for Copelandia cyanescens, but the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata only &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101&#100 soil of four-legged &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#100&#105&#114&#101&#99&#116&#108&#121 from manure (Jansen, Pers. shrooms every day Comm., 1988). The identification <b>cow hallucination cow cow poop</b> section of this guide documents reported locations for more than 1 dozen species of psilocybian mushrooms in Australia and NZ which most likely have been used at one time or another &#102&#111&#114 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101&#115&#46 JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific Study of Magic Mushrooms 10 3. The Current State of Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about the Panaeolus Species 37 3.4 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus purpuratus: Magnificent Mushrooms from South America 51 3.6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species 58 4. Mushroom Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the Potential for Deadly Mistakes 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and Metol Testing: Reality vs. Wishful Thinking 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South America 82 7.3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9. Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis from Australia Figure 3 - Water color painting of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, 1927). Figure 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter the light of consciousness. Nobody knows when the first magic mushroom was eaten by a human being. Nobody knows just who the first magic mushroom eater was. In seeking answers to these questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are quick to voice their conviction that only a fool would be reckless enough to want to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday reality. And only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and hated` since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had dripped from serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil spirits; moreover, mushrooms were a kn ure of &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97&#13&#10&#40&#119&#105&#116&#104 &#115&#99&#108&#101&#114&#111&#116&#105&#97 &#102&#111&#114&#109&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#41&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 48 - Inocybe aeruginascens on grassy soil Figure 49 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#110 &#104&#111&#114&#115&#101 manure and rice. portions of &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#119&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#116&#101&#120&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#105&#115 somewhat like wool. The kind of viruses known to appear in champignon cultures - where they have already caused a lot of damage - have so far not been found in cultures of the &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73&#116 &#105&#115 safe to say &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#119&#101 &#99&#117&#114&#114&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119 a great deal about the nutritional requirements of Psilocybe cubensis.<br> To a lesser extent, such information &#105&#115 &#97&#118&#97&#105&#108&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 species as well. &#65&#114&#109&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101&#44 future researchers may well discover new insights into physiology of these species, as well as the biochemical changes that occur during fruiting. In my experiments, it has &#97&#108&#114&#101&#97&#100&#121 &#98&#101&#101&#110&#13&#10&#101&#115&#116&#97&#98&#108&#105&#115&#104&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 process of differentiation whereby mycelia are transformed into sclerotia or fruiting &#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#105&#115 &#108&#105&#110&#107&#101&#100 &#116&#111 increased production of &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 psilocin, especially in Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#46&#13&#10&#68&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 complex methodology and the type of equipment &#110&#101&#101&#100&#101&#100 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#97&#105&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110 sterile &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#44 &#105&#116 &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114&#115&#13&#10&#117&#110&#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#105&#118&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 of &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#98&#121 &#108&#97&#121&#112&#101&#114&#115&#111&#110&#115 will significantly heighten the &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#39&#115 &#112&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#114 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#110 its area of distribution &#97&#110&#121&#116&#105&#109&#101 &#115&#111&#111&#110&#46&#13&#10&#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#115&#105&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 1980s, &#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#101&#115 &#105&#110 North America and Europe have &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#102&#117&#108&#108&#121 &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#34&#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#111&#117&#116&#100&#111&#111&#114&#13&#10&#99&#117&#108&#116&#105&#118&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#34 to fruit Psilocybe cyanescens and similar &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#112&#114&#111&#99&#101&#115&#115 &#105&#110&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#115 selection &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#119&#111&#111&#100 &#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#114&#97&#116&#101&#115 &#115&#116&#114&#105&#97&#116&#101&#100 with mycelia (rhizomorphs) that usually turn blue in response to handling. The mycelia are then transferred onto fresh &#119&#111&#111&#100 &#99&#104&#105&#112&#115 &#111&#114 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#101&#114&#99&#105&#97&#108 mulch (not from cedar trees). After several &#109&#111&#110&#116&#104&#115 &#111&#102 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 fruit during the fall season. Figure 50 - &#83&#117&#114&#102&#97&#99&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 aeruginascens on &#97 &#108&#105&#113&#117&#105&#100 &#110&#117&#116&#114&#105&#101&#110&#116 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#117&#109&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 51 - Panaeolus subbalteatus on cow dung and rice. Figure 52 - Psilocybe cubensis on wet newspaper.<br> CHAPTER 7 PSYCHOTROPIC MUSHROOM SPECIES AROUND &#84&#72&#69 &#87&#79&#82&#76&#68&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#51 &#45 Psilocybe cubensis on &#99&#111&#109&#112&#111&#115&#116&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#52 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 stuntzii &#40&#103&#114&#97&#115&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#121&#41 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#66&#114&#105&#116&#105&#115&#104 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mazatec+mushroom.php" title="Mazatec Mushroom" alt="Mazatec Mushroom" >Mazatec Mushroom</a> Columbia.<br> Figure 55 - &#71&#105&#97&#110&#116 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#99&#117&#108&#112&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 Kerala, India. &#84&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#100&#101&#98&#97&#116&#101 among experts &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/howtoidentifycyanshrooms.php" title="Howtoidentifycyanshrooms" alt="Howtoidentifycyanshrooms" >Howtoidentifycyanshrooms</a> &#115&#105&#103&#110&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#110&#99&#101 &#97&#110&#100 purpose of the sculpture. Figure 56 - Magic mushrooms & water buffalo &#116&#45&#115&#104&#105&#114&#116 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#84&#104&#97&#105&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#105&#103&#110&#101&#100 &#102&#111&#114 the &#87&#101&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 &#116&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#114&#107&#101&#116&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#55&#46&#49&#13&#10&#83&#80&#79&#84&#76&#73&#71&#72&#84 ON NORTH &#65&#77&#69&#82&#73&#67&#65 &#65&#78&#68 &#72&#65&#87&#65&#73&#73&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#49&#57&#54&#49&#44 &#86&#46&#69&#46 Tyler became &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116&#13&#10&#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#111&#114 &#116&#111 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116 the detection of &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#112&#101&#108&#108&#105&#99&#117&#108&#111&#115&#97 &#40&#83&#109&#105&#116&#104&#41 Singer & Smith, a North &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#79&#110&#101 year later, two research groups, &#119&#111&#114&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110&#100&#101&#112&#101&#110&#100&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121&#44&#13&#10&#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#44 &#97&#115 well as psilocin, in samples of &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#98&#97&#101&#111&#99&#121&#115&#116&#105&#115 &#83&#105&#110&#103&#101&#114 &#38 Smith from the &#80&#97&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#119&#101&#115&#116 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 North America. Additional &#99&#104&#101&#109&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#97&#120&#111&#110&#111&#109&#105&#99&#13&#10&#102&#105&#110&#100&#105&#110 was followed by a very vivid sensation of the soul in flight, coupled with feelings of euphoria.When looking out the window into the dark night of a forest landscape, visions of strange patterns and formations occurred, which were deeply impressive and seemed to impart an inkling of eternity. At the end of four hours, the effects had dissipated without dysphoria or any type of somatic side effect. A control experiment for comparison purposes was performed using 0.8 g of dried Psilocybe semilanceata. The onset of symptoms was much more sudden, including a heavy flow of tears, so that there was an initial phase of anxiety. Only in a later phase of the experience was it possible to perceive ornaments in the form of "underwater streamers", and to appreciate the aesthetically enhanced nature of these visions. The regular pattern of. involuntary intoxications is a good indicator for the large scope of expansion of Inocybe aeruginascens into new habitats during the 1980s. For example, at the time of the initial intoxications - when the species was still restricted to a few easily quantifiable collections - the mushrooms had spread from Potsdam to the location known in 1982, and from there moved on to several other locations in the vicinity, where more than 150 mushrooms were found (see Figure 34). Symbiosis With Trees Starting in late May 1984, fruiting bodies of the species could be found in abundance at countless new locations across the Brandenburg region of Germany. They tend to grow near the roots of different deciduous trees (Populus, Tilia, Quercus, Betula), on lawns in parks and gardens, at the edges of trails and in the paved margin areas of tree-lined sidewalks (where they may even grow on bare, sandy soil) as well as amongst the greenery of residential areas in the suburbs and communities in and around Berlin. Herein lies the most marked difference between Inocybe aeruginascens and other European psychotropic mushroom species: Inocybe aeruginascens grows only in areas of human development. Their prime locations are in the middle of villages and towns, where they grow locally much like other Inocybe species. They may temporarily produce mass quantities of fruiting bodies, in those locations that are typical habitats for the edible varieties of the fairy ring mushroom. So far, the most abundant crop of fruiting bodies was observed in 1987, due to very wet weather conditions, which allowed the mushrooms to thrive. The following years were comparatively dry and the species hardly fruited at all. It wasn't until 1990 that a few mushrooms re-emerged at the classic location in Potsdam. Despite 1989 having been a bad year for mushrooms, it was the year when Inocybe aeruginascens was found for the first time at four locations in and around Rostock, a city located on the Eastern German coast, which is famous for its wet climate. Finding the mushrooms at these locations is evidence for a mu The majority of adverse physical effects or negative psychological reactions produced by "magic mushrooms" generally result from inappropriate set and expectation, or because of improper dosage, which may vary considerably among consumers, different mushroom species, or even within an individual species. The question of dosage is often confused by the variation in the source of the hallucinogenic mushroom species which is consumed. For example, Psilocybe cubensis, when picked and eaten from its natural dung (manure) habitat, produces a relatively mild mindaltering experience, which is evident from the large amounts of fresh specimens needed to achieve a threshold experience. However when grown in vitro (indoor laboratory cultivation and/or illicit cultivation), Psilocybe cubensis apparently can produce a more potent strain capable of inducing a very intense visual, sometimes quite disturbing, experience. This dosage assumes that the consumption of 1 to 3 gm of dried material would be too low if the mushroom specimen came from a wild source. This low potency for Psilocybe cubensis has been confirmed by research scientists Margot & Watling, (1981), who were surprised by the comparatively small amounts of psilocybin and psilocin which they extracted from wild specimens collected from five different locations in Australia. This suggests that a much larger dose would be required to produce significant hallucinations. It is possible that the chemicals most likely degenerated between the time that they were harvested and the time of analysis. However, it should be noted that a strain of Psilocybe cubensis producing different flushes (harvests) will vary somewhat in potency between flushes. As they say, ʼTis the season to be pickingʼ, but make <p align="justify"> , &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#104&#111 &#103&#111&#114&#103&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#109&#115&#101&#108&#118&#101&#115 &#111&#110 our tax &#100&#111&#108&#108&#97&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#73 &#109&#101&#116 &#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122 shortly after the fall &#111&#102&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#66&#101&#114&#108&#105&#110 &#87&#97&#108&#108 &#97&#116 the third symposium of the European &#67&#111&#108&#108&#101&#103&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#83&#116&#117&#100&#121 of Consciousness (ECSC) in Freiburg, Germany. Our encounter was my first contact with a &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#111&#114&#109&#101&#114&#13&#10&#69&#97&#115&#116 Germany.<br> Jochen Gartz's enthusiastic lecture was a truly consciousnessexpanding event, <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/shrooms+scientific+name.php" title="Shrooms Scientific Name" alt="Shrooms Scientific Name" >Shrooms Scientific Name</a> his words breaking down traditional borders and crossing over into new territory.<br> The magic mushrooms spoke through him - with &#110&#111 &#116&#114&#97&#99&#101 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#100&#111&#103&#109&#97 &#111&#114 ideology - in the tradition of true anarchy that is <H1>myspace scotland contact table</H1> the &#104&#97&#108&#108&#109&#97&#114&#107 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#46 &#87&#104&#97&#116 I heard was unbelievable. Jochen spoke &#111&#102 &#97 &#34&#110&#101&#119&#34 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#101&#100&#101&#108&#105&#99 mushroom and its migration.<br> &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#104&#97&#100 &#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 in concentric circles &#111&#117&#116&#119&#97&#114&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#76&#101&#105&#112&#122&#105&#103&#44 &#106&#117&#109&#112&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#97&#108&#108 political &#98&#111&#114&#100&#101&#114&#115&#46 &#70&#105&#110&#97&#108&#108&#121&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 mycelia reached West German soil, the &#104&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#66&#101&#114&#108&#105&#110 &#87&#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#99&#114&#117&#109&#98&#108&#101&#100&#46 &#67&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 possibly be &#97 &#99&#111&#110&#110&#101&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#98&#101&#116&#119&#101&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 of the magic mushroom &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#111&#117&#114 consciousness? Could a mushroom have contributed to the resolution of our &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#99&#111&#110&#102&#108&#105&#99&#116&#115&#63&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#97&#115&#116&#44 &#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110&#115&#44 even popes, had their own jesters and magicians, who functioned as pressure release valves &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#99&#104&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#112&#111&#108&#105&#116&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114 &#115&#116&#114&#117&#103&#103&#108&#101&#115&#46 It is &#111&#98&#118&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97&#13&#10&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#114&#121 &#119&#104&#111&#115&#101 chancellor is being pelted with eggs, &#117&#114&#103&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#110&#101&#101&#100&#115 &#97 &#110&#101&#119 breed of &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110 &#119&#104&#111&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101 &#97&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#111 readjust reality. &#66&#117&#116 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#44 &#110&#111 &#97&#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110 should go about this task &#119&#105&#116&#104&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#98&#111&#111&#107 &#97&#115 &#97 &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101 for the wondrous journey into the realm of magic mushrooms. Christian Rdtsch Figure 5 - "Anthropomorphic Beings Engaged &#105&#110 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#68&#97&#110&#99&#101&#34&#13&#10&#49&#48&#44&#48&#48&#48&#45&#121&#101&#97&#114&#45&#111&#108&#100 &#114&#111&#99&#107 drawing in Tassili, Sahara (Algeria) CHAPTER 1 I BELIEVE THE TIME &#72&#65&#83 &#67&#79&#77&#69 &#70&#79&#82 &#65 COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW &#79&#70 &#78&#69&#87&#13&#10&#70&#73&#78&#68&#73&#78&#71&#83 &#70&#82&#79&#77 &#84&#72&#69 FIELDS OF MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When R.G. Wasson, R. Heim and A. Hofmann began their interdisciplinary research program to study the Mexican &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 usage &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#97&#110&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#115&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 efforts culminated in &#97&#13&#10&#49&#57&#53&#56 &#108&#97&#110&#100&#109&#97&#114&#107 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#97&#116 described the &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#44&#13&#10&#109&#111&#108&#101&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#115&#116&#114&#117&#99&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#115&#121&#110&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115 of the mushrooms' active ingredients: psilocybin and psilocin. Several years later, these substances were also identified &#105&#110 &#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 <i>PSILOCYBE DUNG, DUNG, DUNG, OTHER IN DUNG, COW</i> &#111&#102 mushroom in Europe, Psilocybe semilanceata, which became the first in &#97 &#115&#101&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#110&#101&#119&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 species. Since then, psychoactive mushrooms from other genera have been reported with increasing &#102&#114&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#99&#121&#46&#13&#10&#65&#115 &#112&#97&#114&#116 &#111&#102 &#109&#121 analytical work dedicated to the identification of naturally occurring chemicals, I had the good fortune to be part &#111&#102 &#97&#13&#10&#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#116&#101&#97&#109 &#116&#104&#97&#116 studied &#97&#108&#107&#97&#108&#111&#105&#100&#115 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#97&#13&#10&#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#121 of &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#78&#111&#119 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 the time has come for &#97 &#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#114&#101&#118&#105&#101&#119 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#101&#119 findings from the fields of mycology, taxonomy and natural products &#99&#104&#101&#109&#105&#115&#116&#114&#121&#46&#13&#10&#87&#97&#115&#115&#111&#110 &#97&#110&#100 &#104&#105&#115 &#115&#117&#99&#99&#101&#115&#115&#111&#114&#115 have already &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101&#100&#13&#10&#100&#101&#116&#97&#105&#108&#101&#100 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#115 &#112&#101&#114&#116&#97&#105&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 history and study of the Me </p> JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific Study of Magic Mushrooms 10 3. The Current State of Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about the Panaeolus Species 37 3.4 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus purpuratus: Magnificent Mushrooms from South America 51 3.6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species 58 4. Mushroom Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the Potential for Deadly Mistakes 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and Metol Testing: Reality vs. Wishful Thinking 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South America 82 7.3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9. Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis from Australia Figure 3 - Water color painting of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, 1927). Figure 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter the light of consciousness. Nobody knows when the first magic mushroom was eaten by a human being. Nobody knows just who the first magic mushroom eater was. In seeking answers to these questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are quick to voice their conviction that only a fool would be reckless enough to want to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday reality. And only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and hated` since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had dripped from serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil spirits; moreover, mushrooms were a kn JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A Scientific Journey Across Cultures and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To Go To The Page) "Who Was the First Magician?" - Foreword by Christian Ratsch 7 1. Introduction 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific Study of Magic Mushrooms 10 3. The Current State of Knowledge About European Species 14 3.1 Psilocybe semilanceata: The Classic Species Among European Psychotropic Mushrooms 16 3.2 Psilocybe cyanescens: Potent Mushrooms Growing on Wood Debris 29 3.3 Panaeolus subbalteatus: Mycology and Myths about the Panaeolus Species 37 3.4 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New Arrivals 44 3.5 Gymnopilus purpuratus: Magnificent Mushrooms from South America 51 3.6 Conocybe cyanopus: Tiny Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known Wood-Inhabiting Species 58 4. Mushroom Identification: Taxonomic Confusion and the Potential for Deadly Mistakes 61 5. The Bluing Phenomenon and Metol Testing: Reality vs. Wishful Thinking 63 6. Mushroom Cultivation: Classic Findings and New Techniques 66 7. Psychotropic Mushroom Species Around the World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and Hawaii 79 7.2 Mycophilia in Central and South America 82 7.3 Australia's Mycoflora Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions 87 7.5 Japanese Experimentation 93 7.6 Intoxications and the Oldest Known Mushroom Cult in Africa 95 7.7 Usage in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific Islands 98 8. Some Comments on Effects of Mushrooms from the Category Phantastika 102 9. Psychotherapy 108 10. Outlook 114 11. Bibliography 120 Index 129 Figure 2 - Psilocybe cubensis from Australia Figure 3 - Water color painting of Panaeolus subbalteatus (Germany, 1927). Figure 4 - Fresh Panaeolus subbalteatus mushrooms. FOREWORD Nobody knows precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter the light of consciousness. Nobody knows when the first magic mushroom was eaten by a human being. Nobody knows just who the first magic mushroom eater was. In seeking answers to these questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are quick to voice their conviction that only a fool would be reckless enough to want to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the boundaries of everyday reality. And only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting those odd little things that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and hated` since antiquity: magic mushrooms were thought to be made from poisons that had dripped from serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil spirits; moreover, mushrooms were a kn Macroscopically, it is extremely difficult to distinguish from Psilocybe semilanceata. Unlike the latter species, however, Psilocybe pelliculosa will grow in forests on wood chips and sawdust. Beug and Bigwood were able to furnish analytical proof in support of the claim that Psilocybe pelliculosa is weaker in its psychotropic effects than comparable species. Psilocybe pelliculosa contains about 30-50% of the amount of psilocybin found in Psilocybe cyanescens (slang names: Blue wavy, Cyan, Grandote), a species common across the Pacific Northwest. It fruits primarily in parks, forming partial fairy rings. This species did not become popular among users until the mid-1970s. species still fruits most abundantly in the fall. A New Psychoactive Mushroom Mushroom Trips as a Popular Sport Several additional Psilocybe species have been found in the Pacific Northwest, even though the taxonomic classification of most of these species remains inadequate, despite the fact that monographs such as those by P. Stamets offer quite detailed descriptions of the psychotropic mycoflora. In the mid-1970s, Guzman and Ott reported a rather spectacular event concerning the spread of a "new" mushroom species. During the fall of 1972, large numbers of a strongly bluing gilled mushroom with a distinct ring pattern were found at the University of Washington in Seattle. The fruiting bodies were found growing on bark mulch, which came from a central distribution point and which had been spread widely across the campus by gardeners. Due to the bluing reaction, students at the university assumed that the mushroom contained psilocybin, a belief that was confirmed later on. The sudden appearance of massive numbers of fruiting bodies quickly inspired students at the university to use the mushrooms as a hallucinogen. In my opinion, it is still uncertain if the mushroom really appeared spontaneously, or whether it fruited on bark debris simply because the substance had previously been mixed with spawn derived from fruiting bodies that originated elsewhere. In any case, in 1976, the mushrooms were named Psilocybe stuntzii Guzman & Ott (slang name: "blue veil" or "stuntzees", (see Figures 54 and 71). Today, the species can be found growing on bark and on lawns in parks, on golf courses, football fields and gardens in numbers so large that it is considered the second most important species in terms of usage, after Psilocybe semilanceata. In addition, Panaeolus subbalteatus is another regionally important mushroom species (slang name: "red cap"), even though its users believe it to be slightly more poisonous than the Psilocybe species. Still, the mushroom is used quite frequently, because it begins to fruit during the spring. The Psilocybe species, on the other hand, do not appear until fall and continue to grow into early winter, when temperatures consistently drop below freezing, which inhibits further fruiting of the spe xican &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 &#115&#111 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 materials need not be repeated in &#116&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#120&#116&#46 &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#99&#101&#114&#116&#97&#105&#110 &#97&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#114&#101 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/growing+mushroom.php" title="Growing Mushroom" alt="Growing Mushroom" >Growing Mushroom</a> recent uses of these &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 conditions of growth will receive more detailed &#97&#116&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#105&#110 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#99&#104&#97&#112&#116&#101&#114&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 main purpose of this book is to inspire further study of these &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44&#13&#10&#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#98&#97&#115&#105&#99 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 and &#109&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#108&#13&#10&#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 extensive bibliography will &#104&#101&#108&#112&#13&#10&#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#115&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 mycophiles to further immerse themselves in this complex area of study.<br> Jochen Gartz Figure &#54 &#45 &#66&#114&#111&#110&#122&#101 &#100&#111&#111&#114&#115 with &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#109&#111&#116&#105&#102 &#101&#110&#116&#105&#116&#108&#101&#100 &#34&#84&#114&#105&#97&#108 and Judgment" at Hildesheim &#67&#97&#116&#104&#101&#100&#114&#97&#108&#44 &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#40&#99&#97&#46 &#49&#48&#50&#48&#41&#46&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 2 REFLECTIONS ON THE HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF MAGIC MUSHROOMS It is remarkable that cultures native to the American &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#101&#110&#116 &#107&#110&#101&#119 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#97 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#105&#118&#101&#108&#121 large number of natural mind-altering substances compared to early cultures that evolved in Europe or &#65&#115&#105&#97&#46 &#66&#111&#116&#97&#110&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#100&#111&#101&#115 not &#115&#117&#112&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 is home to &#102&#101&#119&#101&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 regions. &#70&#117&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#109&#111&#114&#101&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#103&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 &#111&#102 recently discovered European mushroom species containing psilocybin indicate a flourishing psychotropic mycoflora in Europe similar to those found in other countries.<br> It is unlikely that early European cultures learned &#108&#101&#115&#115 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 and mushrooms through usage &#97&#110&#100 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#13&#10&#101&#108&#115&#101&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 in the world. Most likely, early cultural knowledge of European &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#97&#115 lost or destroyed at some time in history, probably &#97&#115 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#97&#115 &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#104&#117&#110&#100&#114&#101&#100 years ago.<br> The discovery &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#108&#121 &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 (Amanita muscaria) &#119&#97&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#102&#111&#114 &#105&#116&#115&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 properties in Siberia invited &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 was used as &#97&#13&#10&#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#97&#103&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#101&#118&#97&#108 Europe as &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46 &#73&#110&#13&#10&#102&#97&#99&#116&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#105&#115 very &#108&#105&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 Middle Ages to indicate &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/Psilocybe+in+germany.php" title="Psilocybe In Germany" alt="Psilocybe In Germany" >Psilocybe In Germany</a> of specific mushrooms on human consciousness.<br> &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 past reports on psychoactive mushrooms were causally linked to Amanita &#109&#117&#115&#99&#97&#114&#105&#97 &#115&#105&#109&#112&#108&#121 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#115 was the only &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110 Europe at that &#116&#105&#109&#101&#46&#13&#10&#87&#104&#105&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 Amanita muscaria among Siberian tribes &#104&#97&#115 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#115&#112&#101&#99&#116&#97&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#44 European accounts of fly agaric intoxications &#100&#111 &#110&#111&#116 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 of such intensely &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#111&#114&#121&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#65&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103&#108&#121&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 of specific Psilocybes and related species are likely to have had a much more significant influence on early European cultures than the delirium-like visions induced by Amanita muscaria, &#97 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 also known to induce unconsciousness and severe somatic side effects.<br> This hypothesis is corroborated by data from comprehensive &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#100&#117&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#46&#13&#10&#73 believe that historic accounts including &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101&#100 &#98&#101&#108&#111&#119 &#45 &#105&#110&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101 a knowledge of &#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 semilanceata (with sclerotia formation). Figure 48 &#45 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#97&#101&#114&#117&#103&#105&#110&#97&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#111&#110 grassy &#115&#111&#105&#108&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#52&#57 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 cubensis on horse manure and rice. portions of mycelia &#119&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#116&#101&#120&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#105&#115 &#115&#111&#109&#101&#119&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#108&#105&#107&#101 wool. The kind of &#118&#105&#114&#117&#115&#101&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#111 &#97&#112&#112&#101&#97&#114 in champignon &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 &#45 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 have already caused a &#108&#111&#116 &#111&#102 &#100&#97&#109&#97&#103&#101 &#45 have so far &#110&#111&#116 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/invitromushrooms.php" title="Invitromushrooms" alt="Invitromushrooms" >Invitromushrooms</a> &#98&#101&#101&#110&#13&#10&#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 of the Psilocybe and Panaeolus species.<br> It &#105&#115 &#115&#97&#102&#101 &#116&#111 &#115&#97&#121 that we currently know &#97&#13&#10&#103&#114&#101&#97&#116 &#100&#101&#97&#108 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 nutritional requirements of Psilocybe &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#46 &#84&#111 &#97 &#108&#101&#115&#115&#101&#114 extent, such information is available about other species as well. Armed with &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101&#44 &#102&#117&#116&#117&#114&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114&#115 &#109&#97&#121 well discover new insights into physiology of these species, as well as the biochemical changes that occur during &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103&#46&#13&#10&#73&#110 &#109&#121 &#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115&#44 &#105&#116 has already been established that the &#112&#114&#111&#99&#101&#115&#115 &#111&#102 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101&#98&#121 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 are transformed into sclerotia or fruiting bodies is &#108&#105&#110&#107&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#99&#114&#101&#97&#115&#101&#100 &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#111&#102 psilocybin as well as psilocin, &#101&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115&#46&#13&#10&#68&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 relatively complex methodology and the &#116&#121&#112&#101 &#111&#102 &#101&#113&#117&#105&#112&#109&#101&#110&#116 &#110&#101&#101&#100&#101&#100 to isolate &#97&#110&#100 &#109&#97&#105&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110 &#115&#116&#101&#114&#105&#108&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115&#44 it appears unlikely that cultivation of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms by laypersons will significantly heighten &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#39&#115 &#112&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114&#105&#116&#121 &#111&#114 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#110 its area of distribution anytime soon. However, &#115&#105&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#49&#57&#56&#48&#115&#44 growing numbers of mycophiles &#105&#110 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104 &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 have successfully used "natural outdoor cultivation" to fruit &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#115&#105&#109&#105&#108&#97&#114 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 This &#112&#114&#111&#99&#101&#115&#115 &#105&#110&#118&#111&#108&#118&#101&#115 &#115&#101&#108&#101&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#119&#111&#111&#100 substrates striated with mycelia (rhizomorphs) that usually turn blue in response to handling. The &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#114&#97&#110&#115&#102&#101&#114&#114&#101&#100 &#111&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#102&#114&#101&#115&#104 wood chips or commercial mulch (not from cedar trees). After &#115&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#109&#111&#110&#116&#104&#115 &#111&#102 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/Blue+Meanies+Cubensis+strain/psychedelic+myspace+contact+boxes/" title="Blue Meanies Cubensis Strain Psychedelic Myspace Contact Boxes" alt="Blue Meanies Cubensis Strain Psychedelic Myspace Contact Boxes" >Blue Meanies Cubensis Strain Psychedelic Myspace Contact Boxes</a> &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104&#44 the mycelia &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116 &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#97&#108&#108 season. Figure 50 - &#83&#117&#114&#102&#97&#99&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#97&#101&#114&#117&#103&#105&#110&#97&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 on &#97 &#108&#105&#113&#117&#105&#100 &#110&#117&#116&#114&#105&#101&#110&#116 &#109&#101&#100&#105&#117&#109&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 51 - &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#111&#110 &#99&#111&#119 &#100&#117&#110&#103 and rice. Figure 52 - Psilocybe cubensis on wet newspaper. CHAPTER 7 PSYCHOTROPIC MUSHROOM SPECIES AROUND THE WORLD Figure 53 - Psilocybe cubensis on compost. Figure &#53&#52 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#116&#117&#110&#116&#122&#105&#105 (grasslands &#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#121&#41 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#66&#114&#105&#116&#105&#115&#104 &#67&#111&#108&#117&#109&#98&#105&#97&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 55 - Giant mushroom &#115&#99&#117&#108&#112&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#75&#101&#114&#97&#108&#97&#44 &#73&#110&#100&#105&#97&#46 There is considerable &#100&#101&#98&#97&#116&#101 &#97&#109&#111&#110&#103&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#116&#115 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 significance and purpose &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#99&#117&#108&#112&#116&#117&#114&#101&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#53&#54 - Magic mushrooms &#38 &#119&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#98&#117&#102&#102&#97&#108&#111 &#116&#45&#115&#104&#105&#114&#116 from Thailand, designed for the Western tourist market. CHAPTER 7.<br>1 SPOTLIGHT ON NORTH AMERICA AND HAWAII In 1961, V.E. Tyler became the &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116&#13&#10&#105&#110&#118&#101&#115&#116&#105&#103&#97&#116&#111&#114 &#116&#111 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#101 detection of &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#112&#101&#108&#108&#105&#99&#117&#108&#111&#115&#97 &#40&#83&#109&#105&#116&#104&#41 Singer & Smith, a North &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#79&#110&#101 &#121&#101&#97&#114&#13&#10&#108&#97&#116&#101&#114&#44 two research groups, working independently, discovered psilocybin, as &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#105&#110&#44 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#115&#97&#109&#112&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#102 Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith from &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#97&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#119&#101&#115&#116 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110 of North America. Additional chemical and taxonomic findin <div align="justify"> More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland and New South Wales; and the 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall belt of Queensland, New South Wales and Northern Victoria, &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101 &#97&#100&#101&#113&#117&#97&#116&#101 &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 environments for &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104 &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#97&#110 Pictures of Nordic Warriors mushrooms, especially &#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#104&#101&#97&#118&#121 &#114&#97&#105&#110&#115&#46 &#73&#116 has been suggested that &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#119&#97&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101&#100 into Australia accidentally by early settlers &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 This &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#115&#112&#111&#114&#101 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#101&#114&#115&#97&#108 &#109&#101&#99&#104&#97&#110&#105&#115&#109 also probably applies to &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 and several &#97&#100&#100&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#111 occur in or around &#116&#104&#101 &#100&#117&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 ruminants. &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#115 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii.<br> While cattle are &#114&#97&#105&#115&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#97&#108&#108 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 states, as well as in the &#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#97&#108 &#108&#111&#119&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#44 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#117&#115&#101&#114&#115 have been <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroom+kit+aquarium.php" title="MUSHROOM KIT MUSHROOM" alt="MUSHROOM KIT MUSHROOM" >MUSHROOM KIT MUSHROOM</a> known to export &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#112&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#111 various &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109 areas where they &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100&#46 &#73&#110 &#116&#104&#101 case <u>shrooms scotland grow kit</u> &#111&#102 &#78&#101&#119 &#90&#101&#97&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44 &#104&#101&#114&#101&#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 referred to as NZ, cattle are the primary source &#102&#111&#114 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#98&#117&#116 the "liberty cap" mushroom &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115 in the manured &#115&#111&#105&#108 &#111&#102 &#102&#111&#117&#114&#45&#108&#101&#103&#103&#101&#100 &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 not directly &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101 &#40&#74&#97&#110&#115&#101&#110&#44 &#80&#101&#114&#115&#46 Comm.<br>, 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported locations for more than 1 dozen species of psilocybian &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 NZ which most likely have been used at &#111&#110&#101 &#116&#105&#109&#101 &#111&#114 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 for recreational purposes. </div> Those who ingest Copelandia cyanescens, known in <p align="right"> own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#108&#105&#99&#107 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#105&#97&#110&#13&#10&#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#112&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms.<br>" But, there &#105&#115 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#44 &#118&#101&#114&#121 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116&#44&#13&#10&#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom &#108&#101&#103&#97&#99&#121 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108&#46&#13&#10&#70&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 the Gods for Devil &#87&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#79&#108&#100 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#46 &#77&#121&#99&#101&#110&#97&#101&#97&#110 &#99&#105&#118&#105&#108&#105&#122&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#98&#101&#103&#97&#110 with &#97 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#116&#114&#105&#112 &#45&#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth &#99&#101&#110&#116&#117&#114&#121 &#76&#97&#116&#105&#110 &#112&#111&#101&#116 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#109&#112&#111&#114&#97&#114&#121 &#111&#102 Emperor Konstantin, knew that &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 children of &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#103&#111&#100&#115&#46&#13&#10&#87&#72&#79 &#87&#65&#83 &#84&#72&#69 &#70&#73&#82&#83&#84 MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. &#66&#117&#116 &#110&#111&#116 &#97&#108&#108&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#101&#110&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#104&#117&#109&#97&#110 beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#98&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#97&#119&#110 of the Devil throughout the late Middle &#65&#103&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#105&#110&#116&#111&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 times.<br> The New &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#58 &#84&#104&#101 &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#115 &#105&#110 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#111&#13&#10&#114&#101&#102&#101&#114&#114&#101&#100 to a number &#111&#102 &#115&#109&#97&#108&#108&#44 &#105&#110&#99&#111&#110&#115&#112&#105&#99&#117&#111&#117&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#115 teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These &#115&#97&#99&#114&#101&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110&#13&#10&#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 course of &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#110&#100&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#97&#99&#116&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. &#84&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#115 &#116&#104&#111&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#108&#121 spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121&#13&#10&#116&#104&#111&#117&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#97&#115 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 worshippers, were hounded by &#116&#104&#101 &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#83&#116&#105&#108&#108&#44 &#97&#108&#108 good things survive the tests &#111&#102 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#44 &#115&#111 &#116&#104&#101 <b>psilocybe caerulipes</b> &#99&#117&#108&#116 of magic mushroom eaters did not become &#101&#120&#116&#105&#110&#99&#116&#46 &#76&#105&#107&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97&#13&#10&#117&#110&#100&#101&#114&#103&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#117&#108&#116 continued to flourish, and at the proper time in &#114&#101&#99&#111&#114&#100&#101&#100 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#53&#55&#44&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/manureshroomspictures.php" title="Manureshroomspictures" alt="Manureshroomspictures" >Manureshroomspictures</a> fruit of the fully grown &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/identifying+shrooms.php" title="Shrooms Gallery Shrooms" alt="Shrooms Gallery Shrooms" >Shrooms Gallery Shrooms</a> &#114&#101&#45&#115&#117&#114&#102&#97&#99&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#100&#114&#97&#119 &#119&#105&#100&#101&#115&#112&#114&#101&#97&#100 public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#110&#101&#111&#45&#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#99 &#109&#111&#118&#101&#109&#101&#110&#116&#46&#13&#10&#66&#97&#99&#107 to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#115&#111 magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#105&#110&#101&#100&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#45 &#104&#97&#100 to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#115&#111&#117&#108&#115 &#111&#102 magic mushrooms in Mexico and &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121 &#97&#114&#101 &#101&#115&#115&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the &#115&#97&#109&#101&#13&#10&#115&#117&#98&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#58 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122 &#104&#97&#115 made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology &#98&#121 &#101&#109&#98&#114&#97&#99&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#39&#115 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 and the scientific study &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 fungi. &#84&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#117&#112&#111&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, &#98&#114&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#97&#103&#101&#111&#117&#115&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#102&#114&#101&#101 of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 magic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#115&#13&#10&#99&#97&#112&#97&#98&#108&#101 &#111&#102 &#102&#97&#114 deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the &#117&#115&#117&#97&#108 &#105&#118&#111&#114&#121 &#116&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#97&#99&#97&#100&#101&#109&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 from reality </p> <p align="justify"> e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, &#65&#108&#110&#117&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#83&#97&#108&#105&#120&#44 &#111&#110 raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and &#76&#97&#114&#105&#120 &#110&#101&#101&#100&#108&#101&#115&#44&#13&#10&#97&#115&#13&#10&#83&#101&#112&#116&#46 &#79&#99&#116&#46 &#78&#111&#118&#46 Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting &#99&#117&#114&#118&#101 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115 &#98&#97&#115&#101&#100 on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia.<br> The mycelia make use of &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116 &#107&#105&#110&#100&#115&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116 &#100&#101&#98&#114&#105&#115 and even grow &#111&#110 &#119&#101&#116 &#99&#97&#114&#100&#98&#111&#97&#114&#100&#44&#13&#10&#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 develop into rhizomorphs &#106&#117&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#121 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#105&#110 nature.<br> Rhizomorphs are thick strands of &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#101&#114&#118&#101 &#116&#111 transport nutrients &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#97&#116&#101&#114&#46 &#84&#104&#101&#121 &#97&#108&#115&#111 &#100&#101&#118&#101&#108&#111&#112 intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115&#13&#10&#40&#97&#99&#99&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 &#75&#114&#105&#101&#103&#108&#115&#116&#101&#105&#110&#101&#114&#41&#46 &#76&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 are indicated &#98&#121 &#98&#108&#97&#99&#107 &#100&#111&#116&#115&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 <b>vision while on mushrooms</b> &#50&#50&#13&#10&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 bohemica rhizomorphs growing &#111&#110&#13&#10&#119&#101&#116 &#99&#97&#114&#100&#98&#111&#97&#114&#100&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#50&#52 &#45 Psilocybe cyanescens at &#97 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#40&#85&#83&#65&#41&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe &#98&#111&#104&#101&#109&#105&#99&#97 &#105&#115 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/cow+shrooms/danger+of+shrooms.php" title="Shrooms Of Danger Of Shrooms" alt="Shrooms Of Danger Of Shrooms" >Shrooms Of Danger Of Shrooms</a> &#97 &#118&#101&#114&#121 psychoactive species. Its &#101&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#97&#114&#101 &#118&#105&#118&#105&#100&#108&#121 &#100&#111&#99&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#101&#100 in &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#102&#111&#108&#108&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#97&#99&#99&#111&#117&#110&#116 &#111&#102 &#111&#110&#101 natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical &#116&#114&#105&#97&#108&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#80&#114&#97&#103&#117&#101&#58&#13&#10&#65&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#51&#48 &#109&#103 &#111&#102 psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten &#109&#105&#110&#117&#116&#101&#115 &#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#73&#13&#10&#103&#114&#101&#119 increasingly quiet. At first, my legs &#98&#101&#103&#97&#110 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#116&#105&#110&#103&#108&#101&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#110 &#109&#121 underarms as well. &#65&#115&#105&#100&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#13&#10&#100&#101&#101&#112&#101&#114 &#98&#114&#101&#97&#116&#104&#105&#110&#103 &#114&#104&#121&#116&#104&#109&#44 few other somatic effects were noted.<br> Initially there &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#102&#105&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#108&#97&#117&#103&#104&#116&#101&#114&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101&#100 by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also &#97&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#116&#119&#111 &#34&#115&#111&#98&#101&#114&#34 guides.<br> A growing hyperacuity interfered &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#98&#105&#108&#105&#116&#121 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#108&#105&#115&#116&#101&#110 to music, so that Vivaldi's &#34&#83&#112&#114&#105&#110&#103&#116&#105&#109&#101&#34&#13&#10&#99&#97&#117&#115&#101&#100 &#112&#97&#105&#110&#102&#117&#108 &#115&#116&#97&#98&#115 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101 the brain. &#73 &#99&#111&#109&#112&#97&#114&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#112&#97&#105&#110 &#116&#111 that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow.<br>.<br>.<br> Existing bodily &#99&#104&#97&#114&#97&#99&#116&#101&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#105&#110&#110&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#104&#97&#105&#114 stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#13&#10&#115&#111&#109&#101&#119&#104&#97&#116 &#112&#97&#114&#97&#110&#111&#105&#100 &#112&#111&#105&#110&#116 &#111&#102 view, these gentlemen at times seemed to &#98&#101 &#119&#111&#114&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#97 &#115&#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#105&#110&#103 station that, for some reasons, &#119&#97&#115 &#109&#121 &#101&#110&#101&#109&#121&#46 &#65&#116 &#116&#104&#101 same time, I found &#98&#111&#116&#104 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#109 &#116&#111 &#98&#101 quite likeable.<br> During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding &#98&#101&#104&#105&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#108&#111&#115&#101&#100 &#101&#121&#101&#115&#46 &#68&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#112&#101&#114&#105&#111&#100&#44 I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an &#117&#110&#99&#111&#109&#102&#111&#114&#116&#97&#98&#108&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#110&#115&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#65&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#114&#101&#101 &#104&#111&#117&#114&#115 later, the gentlemen retired &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#107&#105&#116&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#97&#110&#100 the &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#101 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#99&#104&#97&#110&#103&#101&#100 quite drastically. At first I felt as &#105&#102 &#109&#121 &#108&#101&#103&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. &#73&#110 &#97 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101 &#111&#102 utter clarity of consciousness, I finally &#102&#101&#108&#116 &#97&#115 &#105&#102 &#73 had <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybe+horse+dung+shrooms.php" title="Psilocybe Horse Dung Shrooms" alt="Psilocybe Horse Dung Shrooms" >Psilocybe Horse Dung Shrooms</a> no body at all.<br> I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of &#97 &#112&#117&#114&#101 &#115&#111&#117&#108&#34&#46 &#85&#115&#105&#110&#103 words as triggers, we were &#97&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#111 &#105&#110&#100&#117&#99&#101 &#115&#104&#97&#114&#101&#100 experiences &#111 </p> <p align="left"> &#77&#111&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#104&#97&#108&#102 &#111&#102 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#39&#115 beef cattle can be found &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#97&#115&#116&#97&#108 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 of &#81&#117&#101&#101&#110&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119 &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104 Wales; and the 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall belt of Queensland, New South &#87&#97&#108&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#111&#114&#116&#104&#101&#114&#110 &#86&#105&#99&#116&#111&#114&#105&#97&#44 generally provide adequate &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#101&#110&#118&#105&#114&#111&#110&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 growth &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#44 &#101&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 after heavy &#114&#97&#105&#110&#115&#46 &#73&#116 &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 suggested &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 <b>Things To Do While On Shrooms</b> &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 &#119&#97&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101&#100 into &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#99&#99&#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#98&#121 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 settlers along &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#105&#115 same spore dispersal mechanism also probably applies to Copelandia cyanescens, Panaeolus subbalteatus and several additional species known to occur in or around the &#100&#117&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115&#46 This includes Psilocybe &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#110&#111&#110&#45&#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 &#34&#104&#97&#121&#109&#97&#107&#101&#114&#39&#115&#34 mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle are &#114&#97&#105&#115&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#97&#108&#108 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 states, &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 &#105&#110 the central lowlands, recreational &#117&#115&#101&#114&#115 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 to export these psychoptic species to various areas in TEXAS MUSHROOM FARM &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushrooms+in+cow+feces.php" title="Magic Mushrooms In Cow Feces" alt="Magic Mushrooms In Cow Feces" >Magic Mushrooms In Cow Feces</a> they were collected.<br> In the case of New Zealand, hereafter referred to as &#78&#90&#44 &#99&#97&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 primary source for Copelandia cyanescens, but the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata only &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101&#100 soil of four-legged &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#100&#105&#114&#101&#99&#116&#108&#121 from manure (Jansen, Pers. Comm., 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#102&#111&#114 &#109&#111&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 1 dozen species of psilocybian <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroom+art.php" title="Mushroom Art" alt="Mushroom Art" >Mushroom Art</a> mushrooms in <u>TEXAS MUSHROOM FARM</u> Australia and NZ <b>Things To Do While On Shrooms</b> which most likely have been used at one time &#111&#114 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#102&#111&#114 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 purposes. </p> <p align="right"> &#119&#97&#115&#13&#10&#102&#111&#108&#108&#111&#119&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#97 &#118&#101&#114&#121 vivid sensation of the soul in flight, &#99&#111&#117&#112&#108&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#102&#101&#101&#108&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#111&#102 euphoria.When looking out &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#105&#110&#100&#111&#119 &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 dark night of a forest &#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#99&#97&#112&#101&#44 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#111&#102 &#115&#116&#114&#97&#110&#103&#101 patterns and formations occurred, which were deeply impressive and seemed to impart &#97&#110 &#105&#110&#107&#108&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#102 &#101&#116&#101&#114&#110&#105&#116&#121&#46 At the end of four hours, the effects had dissipated without dysphoria or any &#116&#121&#112&#101 &#111&#102 &#115&#111&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#115&#105&#100&#101 effect. A control experiment for comparison purposes was performed using 0.8 g of dried Psilocybe semilanceata.<br> The &#111&#110&#115&#101&#116 &#111&#102 &#115&#121&#109&#112&#116&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#97&#115&#13&#10&#109&#117&#99&#104 more sudden, &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#97 &#104&#101&#97&#118&#121 &#102&#108&#111&#119 of tears, so that &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#119&#97&#115 &#97&#110 &#105&#110&#105&#116&#105&#97&#108 phase of anxiety. Only in a later phase of the experience &#119&#97&#115 &#105&#116 &#112&#111&#115&#115&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#112&#101&#114&#99&#101&#105&#118&#101 ornaments in the form of "underwater streamers", and to appreciate the aesthetically enhanced nature of &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#115&#46&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#103&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#112&#97&#116&#116&#101&#114&#110 of. involuntary intoxications is a good indicator for the &#108&#97&#114&#103&#101 &#115&#99&#111&#112&#101&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#101&#120&#112&#97&#110&#115&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 Inocybe aeruginascens into new habitats during &#116&#104&#101 &#49&#57&#56&#48&#115&#46 &#70&#111&#114 &#101&#120&#97&#109&#112&#108&#101&#44 at the time of the initial intoxications - when the species was still restricted to a &#102&#101&#119 &#101&#97&#115&#105&#108&#121 &#113&#117&#97&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#97&#98&#108&#101&#13&#10&#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#45 the mushrooms had spread from Potsdam to the location known in 1982, and from there moved on to several other locations &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#118&#105&#99&#105&#110&#105&#116&#121&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#109&#111&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 150 mushrooms were found (see Figure &#51&#52&#41&#46&#13&#10&#83&#121&#109&#98&#105&#111&#115&#105&#115 &#87&#105&#116&#104 &#84&#114&#101&#101&#115&#13&#10&#83&#116&#97&#114&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110 &#108&#97&#116&#101 May 1984, &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115&#13&#10&#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 could be found in abundance at countless new locations across the Brandenburg region of Germany. They &#116&#101&#110&#100 &#116&#111 &#103&#114&#111&#119 &#110&#101&#97&#114 the roots of different deciduous trees (Populus, &#84&#105&#108&#105&#97&#44&#13&#10&#81&#117&#101&#114&#99&#117&#115&#44 &#66&#101&#116&#117&#108&#97&#41&#44 &#111&#110 &#108&#97&#119&#110&#115 in &#112&#97&#114&#107&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#103&#97&#114&#100&#101&#110&#115&#44&#13&#10&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#100&#103&#101&#115 of trails and &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#97&#118&#101&#100 &#109&#97&#114&#103&#105&#110 areas of tree-lined sidewalks (where they may &#101&#118&#101&#110&#13&#10&#103&#114&#111&#119 &#111&#110 &#98&#97&#114&#101&#44 &#115&#97&#110&#100&#121 soil) as well as amongst the greenery of residential areas &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#117&#98&#117&#114&#98&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#111&#109&#109&#117&#110&#105&#116&#105&#101&#115 in and around Berlin. Herein lies the most marked difference between Inocybe aeruginascens &#97&#110&#100 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 species: Inocybe aeruginascens grows only in areas of human development.<br> Their prime &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#97&#114&#101 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#109&#105&#100&#100&#108&#101 of &#118&#105&#108&#108&#97&#103&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#111&#119&#110&#115&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 they grow locally much &#108&#105&#107&#101 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#73&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 They may temporarily &#112&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#101 &#109&#97&#115&#115 &#113&#117&#97&#110&#116&#105&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115&#44 in those locations that are typical habitats for the &#101&#100&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#118&#97&#114&#105&#101&#116&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 fairy <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroom+recipe/shiitake+mushroom.php" title="Shiitake Mushroom Shiitake Shiitake" alt="Shiitake Mushroom Shiitake Shiitake" >Shiitake Mushroom Shiitake Shiitake</a> ring mushroom. So far, &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#97&#98&#117&#110&#100&#97&#110&#116 &#99&#114&#111&#112 &#111&#102 &#102&#114&#117&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#98&#111&#100&#105&#101&#115 was &#111&#98&#115&#101&#114&#118&#101&#100 &#105&#110 &#49&#57&#56&#55&#44 &#100&#117&#101 to very wet weather conditions, which allowed the mushrooms to thrive.<br> The following years were comparatively dry and the species hardly fruited at all. It &#119&#97&#115&#110&#39&#116&#13&#10&#117&#110&#116&#105&#108 &#49&#57&#57&#48 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97 few mushrooms re-emerged at the classic location in Potsdam. Despite 1989 having been a bad year for mushrooms, it was the year when Inocybe aeruginascens was &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#116&#105&#109&#101 &#97&#116 four locations in and around Rostock, a &#99&#105&#116&#121 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#69&#97&#115&#116&#101&#114&#110 German coast, which is famous for its wet climate. Finding the mushrooms at &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#105&#115 &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/Psilocybe+silvatica+u+p.php" title="Psilocybe Silvatica U P" alt="Psilocybe Silvatica U P" >Psilocybe Silvatica U P</a> for &#97&#13&#10&#109&#117 </p> <p align="center"> , &#97&#110&#100 &#119&#104&#111 &#103&#111&#114&#103&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#109&#115&#101&#108&#118&#101&#115 &#111&#110 our tax dollars.<br> I met Jochen Gartz shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall &#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#114&#100 &#115&#121&#109&#112&#111&#115&#105&#117&#109 of the European &#67&#111&#108&#108&#101&#103&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#83&#116&#117&#100&#121 of <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/golden+cap+shrooms.php" title="Golden Cap Shrooms" alt="Golden Cap Shrooms" >Golden Cap Shrooms</a> Consciousness (ECSC) in Freiburg, Germany. Our encounter was my first contact with a researcher from the former East &#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#46 &#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122&#39&#115 &#101&#110&#116&#104&#117&#115&#105&#97&#115&#116&#105&#99 lecture was a truly &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#101&#120&#112&#97&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#118&#101&#110&#116&#44 &#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#119&#111&#114&#100&#115 &#98&#114&#101&#97&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#100&#111&#119&#110 traditional borders and crossing over into new territory. The &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#115&#112&#111&#107&#101 &#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#104&#105&#109 - with no trace of dogma or ideology - in the tradition of true anarchy that is the &#104&#97&#108&#108&#109&#97&#114&#107 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#46 &#87&#104&#97&#116 I heard was unbelievable.<br> Jochen spoke of a "new" psychedelic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#13&#10&#97&#110&#100 &#105&#116&#115 &#109&#105&#103&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97 had spread &#105&#110&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#105&#99 &#99&#105&#114&#99&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#117&#116&#119&#97&#114&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#76&#101&#105&#112&#122&#105&#103&#44 jumping all political borders. &#70&#105&#110&#97&#108&#108&#121&#44 &#119&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#121&#99&#101&#108&#105&#97&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#99&#104&#101&#100 &#87&#101&#115&#116 German &#115&#111&#105&#108&#44 &#116&#104&#101 &#104&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#66&#101&#114&#108&#105&#110 Wall crumbled. Could there possibly be a &#99&#111&#110&#110&#101&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#13&#10&#98&#101&#116&#119&#101&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 the magic mushroom &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#101&#118&#111&#108&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#111&#117&#114 consciousness? &#67&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#97&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#111 the resolution of our political conflicts? In the past, politicians, &#101&#118&#101&#110 &#112&#111&#112&#101&#115&#44 &#104&#97&#100&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#111&#119&#110 jesters and magicians, &#119&#104&#111 &#102&#117&#110&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110&#101&#100 &#97&#115&#13&#10&#112&#114&#101&#115&#115&#117&#114&#101 &#114&#101&#108&#101&#97&#115&#101 &#118&#97&#108&#118&#101&#115 in the machinations of political power struggles. &#73&#116 &#105&#115 &#111&#98&#118&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 a country whose &#99&#104&#97&#110&#99&#101&#108&#108&#111&#114 &#105&#115 &#98&#101&#105&#110&#103 &#112&#101&#108&#116&#101&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104&#13&#10&#101&#103&#103&#115&#44 urgently needs a &#110&#101&#119 &#98&#114&#101&#101&#100 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110 who are able to readjust &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#66&#117&#116 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#44 &#110&#111 aspiring magician should go about this task without &#116&#104&#105&#115&#13&#10&#98&#111&#111&#107 &#97&#115 &#97 &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101 for the wondrous journey &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushrooms.<br> Christian Rdtsch Figure 5 - "Anthropomorphic Beings Engaged in Mushroom &#68&#97&#110&#99&#101&#34&#13&#10&#49&#48&#44&#48&#48&#48&#45&#121&#101&#97&#114&#45&#111&#108&#100 &#114&#111&#99&#107 &#100&#114&#97&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#105&#110 Tassili, &#83&#97&#104&#97&#114&#97 &#40&#65&#108&#103&#101&#114&#105&#97&#41&#13&#10&#67&#72&#65&#80&#84&#69&#82 &#49&#13&#10&#73 &#66&#69&#76&#73&#69&#86&#69 THE TIME HAS &#67&#79&#77&#69 &#70&#79&#82 &#65 &#67&#79&#77&#80&#82&#69&#72&#69&#78&#83&#73&#86&#69 &#82&#69&#86&#73&#69&#87 OF NEW FINDINGS FROM THE FIELDS OF MYCOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY When R.G. Wasson, R. &#72&#101&#105&#109 &#97&#110&#100 &#65&#46&#13&#10&#72&#111&#102&#109&#97&#110&#110 &#98&#101&#103&#97&#110 their interdisciplinary research program to &#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#116&#104&#101 &#77&#101&#120&#105&#99&#97&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 and their usage in Mexican mushroom cults, their efforts culminated in &#97&#13&#10&#49&#57&#53&#56 &#108&#97&#110&#100&#109&#97&#114&#107 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116 &#116&#104&#97&#116 described the isolation, molecular structure and &#115&#121&#110&#116&#104&#101&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#39 &#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116&#115&#58 psilocybin and psilocin. &#83&#101&#118&#101&#114&#97&#108 &#121&#101&#97&#114&#115 &#108&#97&#116&#101&#114&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 substances were also identified <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/hillucinationmushroomsoncowpoop.php" title="Hillucinationmushroomsoncowpoop" alt="Hillucinationmushroomsoncowpoop" >Hillucinationmushroomsoncowpoop</a> in a &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#44 Psilocybe semilanceata, &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#105&#110 a series of &#110&#101&#119&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#115&#99&#111&#118&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#46 &#83&#105&#110&#99&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101&#110&#44 psychoactive &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#13&#10&#104&#97&#118&#101 been reported &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#105&#110&#99&#114&#101&#97&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#102&#114&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#99&#121&#46&#13&#10&#65&#115 &#112&#97&#114&#116 &#111&#102 my analytical work &#100&#101&#100&#105&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100&#13&#10&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#110&#97&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 occurring chemicals, I &#104&#97&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#111&#111&#100 &#102&#111&#114&#116&#117&#110&#101 &#116&#111 &#98&#101 part of a research &#116&#101&#97&#109 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#115&#116&#117&#100&#105&#101&#100 &#97&#108&#107&#97&#108&#111&#105&#100&#115 found in a variety of mushroom species. &#78&#111&#119 &#73 &#98&#101&#108&#105&#101&#118&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#116&#105&#109&#101 &#104&#97&#115 &#99&#111&#109&#101 for &#97 &#99&#111&#109&#112&#114&#101&#104&#101&#110&#115&#105&#118&#101 &#114&#101&#118&#105&#101&#119 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#110&#101&#119 findings from &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#101&#108&#100&#115 &#111&#102 &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121&#44&#13&#10&#116&#97&#120&#111&#110&#111&#109&#121 and natural products chemistry.<br> Wasson and his successors have already provided detailed accounts &#112&#101&#114&#116&#97&#105&#110&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 of the Me </p> </p> <h1 id="cross-browser">Pluteus Salicinus, season, location @ 3/12/2010 3:49:49 AM</h1> <p></p> <h1 id="stylesheets">fungimushroomusagefigure</h1> <p>More than half of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland and New South Wales; and the 20 to 30 inch (500-750mm) rainfall belt of Queensland, New South Wales and Northern Victoria, generally provide adequate climatic environments for the growth of psilocybian mushrooms, especially after heavy rains. It has been suggested that "Psilocybe cubensis was introduced into Australia accidentally by early settlers along with their livestock." This same spore dispersal mechanism also probably applies to Copelandia cyanescens, Panaeolus subbalteatus and several additional species known to occur in or around the dung of other ruminants. This includes Psilocybe semilanceata and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle are raised in all Australian states, as well as in the central lowlands, recreational users have been known to export these psychoptic species to various areas in Australia from areas where they were collected. In the case of New Zealand, hereafter referred to as NZ, cattle are the primary source for Copelandia cyanescens, but the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata only grows in the manured soil of four-legged ruminants and not directly from manure (Jansen, Pers. Comm., 1988). The identification section of this guide documents reported locations for more than 1 dozen species of psilocybian mushrooms in Australia and NZ which most likely have been used at one time or another for recreational purposes. Dosages for Psilocybe australiana Guzmán & Watling, Psilocybe eucalypta Guzmán & e creek on wood chips of Carpinus, Alnus and Salix, on raw compost mixtures of Picea, Pinus and Larix needles, as Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Figure 21 - Fruiting curve of Psilocybe cyanescens based on observations at several locations in the former Czechoslovakia. The mycelia make use of different kinds of plant debris and even grow on wet cardboard, where they develop into rhizomorphs just like they would in nature. Rhizomorphs are thick strands of mycelia that serve to transport nutrients and water. They also develop intense blue stains (see Figure 22). Figure 23 Distribution pattern of Psilocybe cyanescens in Germany and adjacent areas (according to Krieglsteiner). Locations are indicated by black dots. Figure 22 Psilocybe bohemica rhizomorphs growing on wet cardboard. Figure 24 - Psilocybe cyanescens at a natural location (USA). Figure 25 - Psilocybe bohemica on twigs and leaves. Impressive Experiences Psilocybe bohemica is a very psychoactive species. Its effects are vividly documented in the following account of one natural scientist's experience as part of controlled clinical trials in Prague: About 30 mg of psilocybin in mushroom tissue was prepared in hot water, with effects already noticeable ten minutes after ingestion. I grew increasingly quiet. At first, my legs began to tingle, then my underarms as well. Aside from a deeper breathing rhythm, few other somatic effects were noted. Initially there were fits of laughter caused by unusual cognitive associations; this laughter also affected the two "sober" guides. A growing hyperacuity interfered with the ability to listen to music, so that Vivaldi's "Springtime" caused painful stabs inside the brain. I compared the pain to that caused by a "sawing knife". The experimenters appeared bloated and yellow... Existing bodily characteristics, such as thinning hair stimulated a person's illusionary transformation into a monk with tonsure. Their voices also appeared reverent and, from a somewhat paranoid point of view, these gentlemen at times seemed to be working a switching station that, for some reasons, was my enemy. At the same time, I found both of them to be quite likeable. During this time period, the other female subject perceived fantastic images of moving colors and saw visions of her whole life unfolding behind closed eyes. During this period, I had the distinct impression that an electrical current was flowing through my body, which was not an uncomfortable sensation. About three hours later, the gentlemen retired to the kitchen and the nature of the experience changed quite drastically. At first I felt as if my legs were increasingly merging into the wall, a very comfortable experience. In a state of utter clarity of consciousness, I finally felt as if I had no body at all. I said. "The most descriptive expression is the experience of a pure soul". Using words as triggers, we were able to induce shared experiences o JOCHEN GARTZ MAGIC MUSHROOMS Around the World A &#83&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#74&#111&#117&#114&#110&#101&#121 &#65&#99&#114&#111&#115&#115 &#67&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 and Time The Case for Challenging Research and Value Systems * LIS PUBLICATIONS * LOS ANGELES, CA* Figure 1 - Water Color Painting of Psilocybe semilanceata (Germany, 1927) TABLE OF CONTENT (With Active Links' Just Click On A Subject To &#71&#111 &#84&#111 &#84&#104&#101 &#80&#97&#103&#101&#41&#13&#10&#34&#87&#104&#111 Was &#116&#104&#101 &#70&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#77&#97&#103&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110&#63&#34 &#45 Foreword by &#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110 &#82&#97&#116&#115&#99&#104 &#55&#13&#10&#49&#46 &#73&#110&#116&#114&#111&#100&#117&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110 9 2. Reflections on the History and Scientific <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/wildshrooms.php" title="Wildshrooms" alt="Wildshrooms" >Wildshrooms</a> Study &#111&#102 &#77&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#49&#48&#13&#10&#51&#46 The Current State of Knowledge About &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#49&#52&#13&#10&#51&#46&#49 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 semilanceata: The Classic Species &#65&#109&#111&#110&#103 &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101&#97&#110 &#80&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#116&#114&#111&#112&#105&#99 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 16 3.<br>2 Psilocybe &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#58 &#80&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#71&#114&#111&#119&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#110 Wood Debris &#50&#57&#13&#10&#51&#46&#51 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115&#58 &#77&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 &#97&#110&#100 Myths about &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#51&#55&#13&#10&#51&#46&#52 Inocybe aeruginascens: Fast-Spreading New &#65&#114&#114&#105&#118&#97&#108&#115 &#52&#52&#13&#10&#51&#46&#53 &#71&#121&#109&#110&#111&#112&#105&#108&#117&#115 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#117&#114&#97&#116&#117&#115&#58 Magnificent Mushrooms from South &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#53&#49&#13&#10&#51&#46&#54 &#67&#111&#110&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#111&#112&#117&#115&#58 &#84&#105&#110&#121 Mushrooms of Remarkable Potency 55 3.7 Pluteus salicinus: A Little-known &#87&#111&#111&#100&#45&#73&#110&#104&#97&#98&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#53&#56&#13&#10&#52&#46 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#73&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#58 Taxonomic Confusion and &#116&#104&#101 &#80&#111&#116&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#111&#114 &#68&#101&#97&#100&#108&#121 Mistakes &#54&#49&#13&#10&#53&#46 &#84&#104&#101 &#66&#108&#117&#105&#110&#103 &#80&#104&#101&#110&#111&#109&#101&#110&#111&#110 and Metol &#84&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#58 &#82&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 &#118&#115&#46 &#87&#105&#115&#104&#102&#117&#108 Thinking 63 6. &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#67&#117&#108&#116&#105&#118&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#58 &#67&#108&#97&#115&#115&#105&#99 &#70&#105&#110&#100&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119 &#84&#101&#99&#104&#110&#105&#113&#117&#101&#115 66 7.<br> Psychotropic &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#83&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#65&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 World 77 7.1 Spotlight on North America and &#72&#97&#119&#97&#105&#105 &#55&#57&#13&#10&#55&#46&#50 &#77&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#97 &#105&#110 Central and South &#65&#109&#101&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#56&#50&#13&#10&#55&#46&#51 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#39&#115 &#77&#121&#99&#111&#102&#108&#111&#114&#97 Attracts Attention 84 7.4 European Customs and Conventions &#56&#55&#13&#10&#55&#46&#53 &#74&#97&#112&#97&#110&#101&#115&#101 &#69&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#109&#101&#110&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#57&#51&#13&#10&#55&#46&#54 &#73&#110&#116&#111&#120&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 &#97&#110&#100 the Oldest Known &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#67&#117&#108&#116 &#105&#110 &#65&#102&#114&#105&#99&#97 &#57&#53&#13&#10&#55&#46&#55 &#85&#115&#97&#103&#101 in Southeast Asia and &#116&#104&#101 &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104 &#80&#97&#99&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#73&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115 98 8. Some Comments on &#69&#102&#102&#101&#99&#116&#115 &#111&#102 &#77&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 the Category Phantastika 102 9.<br> Psychotherapy &#49&#48&#56&#13&#10&#49&#48&#46 &#79&#117&#116&#108&#111&#111&#107 &#49&#49&#52&#13&#10&#49&#49&#46 &#66&#105&#98&#108&#105&#111&#103&#114&#97&#112&#104&#121 120 Index &#49&#50&#57&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#50 &#45 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 cubensis from Australia Figure &#51 &#45 &#87&#97&#116&#101&#114 &#99&#111&#108&#111&#114 painting of Panaeolus &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#40&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#44 &#49&#57&#50&#55&#41&#46&#13&#10&#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 &#52 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magicmushiesnz.php" title="Magicmushiesnz" alt="Magicmushiesnz" >Magicmushiesnz</a> - Fresh &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115&#46&#13&#10&#70&#79&#82&#69&#87&#79&#82&#68&#13&#10&#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#115 precisely when the first magic mushroom emerged from the shadows of prehistory to enter &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#105&#103&#104&#116 &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46&#13&#10&#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 knows &#119&#104&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom was eaten by a human being. &#78&#111&#98&#111&#100&#121 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#115&#13&#10&#106&#117&#115&#116 &#119&#104&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#105&#114&#115&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushroom eater was. &#73&#110&#13&#10&#115&#101&#101&#107&#105&#110&#103 &#97&#110&#115&#119&#101&#114&#115 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 questions, we can only speculate. Mycophobes, however, are &#113&#117&#105&#99&#107 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#118&#111&#105&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 only a fool would &#98&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#99&#107&#108&#101&#115&#115 &#101&#110&#111&#117&#103&#104 &#116&#111 &#119&#97&#110&#116 to attain a higher state of consciousness beyond the &#98&#111&#117&#110&#100&#97&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#101&#118&#101&#114&#121&#100&#97&#121 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121&#46 &#65&#110&#100 only a fool would attempt to do this by ingesting &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#111&#100&#100 &#108&#105&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#116&#104&#105&#110&#103&#115 that mysteriously thrive on decaying, humid soil, rotten wood and malodorous mounds of cow manure. Historically, magic, mushrooms have been feared and &#104&#97&#116&#101&#100&#96 &#115&#105&#110&#99&#101 &#97&#110&#116&#105&#113&#117&#105&#116&#121&#58 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 were thought to be made &#102&#114&#111&#109&#13&#10&#112&#111&#105&#115&#111&#110&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#104&#97&#100 &#100&#114&#105&#112&#112&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 serpents' fangs; they were considered to be unclean emissions of evil &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116&#115&#59 &#109&#111&#114&#101&#111&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 a kn <p align="justify"> &#77&#111&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/PsychedelicMagicMushroomsAroundTheWorldByJochenGartz.php" title="Psychedelicmagicmushroomsaroundtheworldbyjochengartz" alt="Psychedelicmagicmushroomsaroundtheworldbyjochengartz" >Psychedelicmagicmushroomsaroundtheworldbyjochengartz</a> &#104&#97&#108&#102 of Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland </p> ure of Psilocybe semilanceata (with sclerotia formation). Figure 48 - Inocybe aeruginascens on grassy soil Figure 49 - Psilocybe cubensis on horse manure and rice. portions of mycelia whose texture is somewhat like wool. The kind of viruses known to appear in champignon cultures - where they have already caused a lot of damage - have so far not been found in cultures of the Psilocybe and Panaeolus species. It is safe to say that we currently know a great deal about the nutritional requirements of Psilocybe cubensis. To a lesser extent, such information is available about other species as well. Armed with this knowledge, future researchers may well discover new insights into physiology of these species, as well as the biochemical changes that occur during fruiting. In my experiments, it has already been established that the process of differentiation whereby mycelia are transformed into sclerotia or fruiting bodies is linked to increased production of psilocybin as well as psilocin, especially in Psilocybe cubensis. Due to the relatively complex methodology and the type of equipment needed to isolate and maintain sterile cultures, it appears unlikely that cultivation of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms by laypersons will significantly heighten the mushroom's popularity or widen its area of distribution anytime soon. However, since the early 1980s, growing numbers of mycophiles in North America and Europe have successfully used "natural outdoor cultivation" to fruit Psilocybe cyanescens and similar species. This process involves selection of natural wood substrates striated with mycelia (rhizomorphs) that usually turn blue in response to handling. The mycelia are then transferred onto fresh wood chips or commercial mulch (not from cedar trees). After several months of growth, the mycelia fruit during the fall season. Figure 50 - Surface culture of Inocybe aeruginascens on a liquid nutrient medium. Figure 51 - Panaeolus subbalteatus on cow dung and rice. Figure 52 - Psilocybe cubensis on wet newspaper. CHAPTER 7 PSYCHOTROPIC MUSHROOM SPECIES AROUND THE WORLD Figure 53 - Psilocybe cubensis on compost. Figure 54 - Psilocybe stuntzii (grasslands variety) from British Columbia. Figure 55 - Giant mushroom sculpture from Kerala, India. There is considerable debate among experts about the significance and purpose of the sculpture. Figure 56 - Magic mushrooms & water buffalo t-shirt from Thailand, designed for the Western tourist market. CHAPTER 7.1 SPOTLIGHT ON NORTH AMERICA AND HAWAII In 1961, V.E. Tyler became the first investigator to report the detection of psilocybin in Psilocybe pelliculosa (Smith) Singer & Smith, a North American mushroom species. One year later, two research groups, working independently, discovered psilocybin, as well as psilocin, in samples of Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & Smith from the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Additional chemical and taxonomic findin own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality </p> <p>There are more than 1 dozen species of "magic mushrooms" in Australia and New Zealand. Four of these species are dung (manure) inhabiting mushrooms. They include Psilocybe cubensis and/or Psilocybe subcubensis (known locally as "gold caps" and/or "gold tops"), Psilocybe subaeruginosa, and Copelandia cyanescens (the latter is known locally as "blue meanies"). These four species contain the mind altering alkaloids psilocybine and psilocine and are the most common hallucinogenic mushrooms in Australia. In New Zealand, the most commonly used species are Copelandia cyanescens and Psilocybe semilanceata, the latter species is recognized throughout the world as the "liberty cap"). This species only occurs in manured soil and does not grow directly from the dung of cattle, sheep or other four legged farm animals. Psilocybe cubensis the most popular of these species, is well known throughout much of the world; however, this species is not known to occur in New Zealand. Other species described in this guide are known to occur in manured soil, in pastures, meadows, grazing lands, some lawns and in the bark mulch and woodchips of deciduous woods. <p align="justify"> &#77&#111&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#104&#97&#108&#102 &#111&#102 Australia's beef cattle can be found in the coastal areas of Queensland and New South &#87&#97&#108&#101&#115&#59 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#50&#48 to 30 inch (500-750mm) &#114&#97&#105&#110&#102&#97&#108&#108 &#98&#101&#108&#116 &#111&#102 &#81&#117&#101&#101&#110&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100&#44 New South Wales and Northern Victoria, generally provide adequate &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 &#101&#110&#118&#105&#114&#111&#110&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 growth of psilocybian mushrooms, &#101&#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#97&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#104&#101&#97&#118&#121 &#114&#97&#105&#110&#115&#46 It has been &#115&#117&#103&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/picking+shrooms+england.php" title="Picking Shrooms England" alt="Picking Shrooms England" >Picking Shrooms England</a> &#34&#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#99&#117&#98&#101&#110&#115&#105&#115 was introduced &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#99&#99&#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#98&#121 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 settlers &#97&#108&#111&#110&#103 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 This &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#115&#112&#111&#114&#101 &#100&#105&#115&#112&#101&#114&#115&#97&#108 &#109&#101&#99&#104&#97&#110&#105&#115&#109 also probably &#97&#112&#112&#108&#105&#101&#115 &#116&#111 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 subbalteatus and several additional species known to occur in &#111&#114 &#97&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#100&#117&#110&#103 of other ruminants. &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#115 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 and the non-hallucinogenic "haymaker's" mushroom Panaeolina foenisecii. While cattle are raised in all &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 &#115&#116&#97&#116&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 as in the &#99&#101&#110&#116&#114&#97&#108 &#108&#111&#119&#108&#97&#110&#100&#115&#44 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#117&#115&#101&#114&#115 have been known to export these psychoptic species to various areas in Australia &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#121 were collected. &#73&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#97&#115&#101 &#111&#102 <b>Liberty Caps Shrooms</b> New Zealand, hereafter referred to as &#78&#90&#44 &#99&#97&#116&#116&#108&#101 &#97&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 primary source &#102&#111&#114 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#98&#117&#116 the "liberty cap" mushroom Psilocybe semilanceata only grows in the manured soil of four-legged ruminants and not directly &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101 &#40&#74&#97&#110&#115&#101&#110&#44 &#80&#101&#114&#115&#46 Comm.<br>, 1988). The identification section of this &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101 &#100&#111&#99&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 for more &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#49 &#100&#111&#122&#101&#110 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 of psilocybian mushrooms &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#90 which most likely have been used at one time or &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#102&#111&#114 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 &#112&#117&#114&#112&#111&#115&#101&#115&#46 </p> several members of a family eat the mushrooms together: it is not uncommon for a father, mother, children, uncles, and aunts to all participate in these transformations of the mind that elevate consciousness onto a higher plan. The kinship relation is thus the basis of the transcendental subjectivity that Husserl said is intersubjectivity. The mushrooms themselves are eaten in pairs, a couple representing man and woman that symbolizes the dual principle of procreation and creation. Then they sit together in their inner light, dream and realize and converse with each other, presences seated there together, their bodies immaterialized by the blackness, voices from without their communality. In a general sense, for everyone present the purpose of the session is a therapeutic catharsis. The chemicals of transformation of revelation that open the circuits of light, vision, and communication, called by us mind-manifesting, were known to the American Indians as medicines: the means given to men to know and to heal, to see and to say the truth. Among the Mazatecs, many, one time or another during their lives, have eaten the mushrooms, whether to cure themselves of an ailment or to resolve a problem; but it is not everyone who has a predilection for such extreme and arduous experiences of the creative imagination or who would want to repeat such journeys into the strange, unknown depths of the brain very frequently: those who do are the shamans, the masters, whose vocation it is to eat the mushrooms because they are the men of the spirit, the men of language, the men of wisdom. They are individuals recognized by their people to be expert in such psychological adventures, and when the others eat the mushrooms they always call to be with them, as a guide, one of those who is considered to be particularly acquainted with these modalities of the spirit. The medicine man presides over the session, for just as the Mazatec family is paternal and authoritarian, the liberating experience unfolds in the authoritarian context of a situation in which, rather than being allowed to speak or encouraged to express themselves, everyone is enjoined to keep silent and listen while the shaman speaks for each of those who are present. As one of the early Spanish chroniclers of the New World said: "They pay a sorcerer who eats them the mushrooms] and tells them what they have taught him. He does so by means of a rhythmic chant in full voice." <p align="left"> and familiarity with psychotropic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 most likely derived from usage of Psilocybes and related &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115&#44 &#114&#97&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#104 Amanita muscaria. &#72&#111&#119&#101&#118&#101&#114&#44 &#105&#116 &#105&#115&#13&#10&#101&#120&#116&#114&#101&#109&#101&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#105&#99&#117&#108&#116 to reject or confirm this hypothesis, due to &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#97&#99&#107 &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#118&#101 data available for analysis today. Bwyd Ellylon: &#65 &#70&#101&#97&#115&#116 &#111&#102 &#70&#97&#105&#114&#105&#101&#115 in Celebration of the Spirit World Tales &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 have found &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#119&#97&#121 &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 realm of myths and legends. &#70&#111&#114 &#105&#110&#115&#116&#97&#110&#99&#101&#44 &#111&#110&#101 &#108&#101&#103&#101&#110&#100 describes a peculiar poisonous mushroom in Wales (British Isles) with &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#116&#114&#97&#110&#103&#101 &#110&#97&#109&#101 &#111&#102 Bwyd Ellylon, which was considered a delicacy by fairies &#102&#101&#97&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#105&#110 &#99&#101&#108&#101&#98&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 world.<br> &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#105&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#111&#115&#116 important psilocybincontaining mushroom in &#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#97&#110&#100 &#105&#116 &#116&#104&#114&#105&#118&#101&#115 in parts of Great Britain, where the <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/uses+of+mushrooms.php" title="Of About Of About Of" alt="Of About Of About Of" >Of About Of About Of</a> mushroom grows abundantly &#97&#108&#108 &#97&#99&#114&#111&#115&#115 &#116&#104&#101 &#87&#101&#108&#115&#104 countryside during fall season. I &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#108&#105&#107&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#107 G. Samorini for pointing out &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#119&#97&#115 unusually cruel and vicious in the Alpine &#118&#97&#108&#108&#101&#121&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#86&#97&#108&#99&#97&#109&#111&#110&#105&#99&#97&#44 &#86&#97&#108&#116&#114&#111&#109&#112&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 Valtellina (located in the provinces of Brescia and Sandrio in Northern Italy). Many &#98&#111&#111&#107&#115 &#99&#104&#114&#111&#110&#105&#99&#108&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#108&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#119&#105&#116&#99&#104 &#98&#117&#114&#110&#105&#110&#103&#115 &#105&#110 that region, with particular emphasis on the witches' meetings at the "Monte del Tonale", located at &#97&#110 &#97&#108&#116&#105&#116&#117&#100&#101 &#111&#102 &#50&#48&#48&#48 m (ca. 6,000 ft). &#70&#105&#101&#108&#100 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104 &#104&#97&#115 &#115&#104&#111&#119&#110 that plants of the nightshade family ("witching herbs") do not grow &#97&#116 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#97&#108&#116&#105&#116&#117&#100&#101&#59 &#101&#118&#101&#110 the fly agaric mushroom is rarely found &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101&#46 &#66&#121 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#97&#115&#116&#44 &#112&#97&#115&#116&#117&#114&#101&#115 in the area abound with Psilocybe semilanceata during the fall. Given this &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#120&#116&#44 &#105&#116 &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100&#13&#10&#115&#101&#101&#109 likely that Psilocybe semilanceata played an important role as a psychotropic agent in &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#103&#105&#111&#110 &#40&#115&#101&#101 &#70&#105&#103&#117&#114&#101 58, Chapter 7.4). In light of medieval accounts describing the practice of witchcraft, it is &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 &#110&#111&#116&#101&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97 subjective sensation &#111&#102 &#102&#108&#121&#105&#110&#103 &#111&#114 &#108&#101&#118&#105&#116&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 is among the commonly reported effects of psilocybin intoxication. Berserk &#82&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#78&#111&#114&#100&#105&#99 &#87&#97&#114&#114&#105&#111&#114&#115&#13&#10&#73&#110 the course of the ideological power struggle &#98&#101&#116&#119&#101&#101&#110 &#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 remnants of pagan religions that worshipped Nature, many sources &#111&#102 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#108&#111&#115&#116&#46 The aggressive repression and eradication of pre-Christian customs all but destroyed the continuity of Europe's original cultural heritage, along with much historic &#101&#118&#105&#100&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#100&#111&#99&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#101&#97&#114&#108&#121 &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108&#13&#10&#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101&#115&#44 including the <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/gold+top+mushrooms.php" title="Gold Top Mushrooms" alt="Gold Top Mushrooms" >Gold Top Mushrooms</a> usage of plants and mushrooms for the purpose of temporary alterations of consciousness. Some authors went so &#102&#97&#114 &#97&#115 &#116&#111 &#98&#108&#97&#109&#101 the fly &#97&#103&#97&#114&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#102&#111&#114 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#101&#114&#98&#105&#97&#108 fits of "berserk rage" attributed to Nordic warriors. Many accounts detailing &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#112&#104&#101&#110&#111&#109&#101&#110&#111&#110 &#97&#108&#108&#117&#100&#101 &#116&#111 a "deception of the eyes" (i.e. &#118&#105&#115&#117&#97&#108 &#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115&#41&#46 &#65&#102&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#78&#111&#114&#100&#105&#99 legal system banished the practice of "going berserk", it disappeared quite suddenly during the 12th &#99&#101&#110&#116&#117&#114&#121&#46 &#65&#116 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 same time, Saxo Grammaticus &#115&#112&#101&#99&#117&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#66&#101&#114&#115&#101&#114&#107&#101&#114&#115&#13&#10&#109&#97&#121 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#117&#115&#101&#100 mag </p> own cause of death &#97&#110&#100 &#100&#105&#115&#101&#97&#115&#101&#44 &#98&#108&#111&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#115&#116&#111&#109&#97&#99&#104&#115 and insanity. &#66&#101&#108&#105&#101&#102&#115 &#115&#117&#99&#104 &#97&#115 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 have &#115&#117&#114&#118&#105&#118&#101&#100 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#101&#115&#101&#110&#116 &#100&#97&#121&#46 &#84&#104&#101&#121 persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a &#115&#111&#99&#105&#101&#116&#97&#108 &#109&#105&#115&#102&#105&#116 &#97&#115 &#115&#111&#109&#101&#111&#110&#101 "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/liberty+cap+mushrooms+uk.php" title="Mushrooms Liberty Cap Liberty" alt="Mushrooms Liberty Cap Liberty" >Mushrooms Liberty Cap Liberty</a> different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods &#102&#111&#114 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 &#87&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#13&#10&#84&#104&#101 &#79&#108&#100 World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an &#105&#110&#103&#114&#101&#100&#105&#101&#110&#116 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#97&#109&#98&#114&#111&#115&#105&#97 of Dionysus.<br> Porphyrius, the &#102&#111&#117&#114&#116&#104 &#99&#101&#110&#116&#117&#114&#121 &#76&#97&#116&#105&#110 &#112&#111&#101&#116 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#101&#109&#112&#111&#114&#97&#114&#121 of Emperor Konstantin, &#107&#110&#101&#119&#13&#10&#116&#104&#97&#116 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the &#97&#99&#116 &#111&#102 &#101&#97&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#99&#104&#105&#108&#100&#114&#101&#110 of the gods unlocked one's &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114 &#116&#111&#13&#10&#101&#120&#112&#101&#114&#105&#101&#110&#99&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#116&#114&#117&#108&#121 divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of &#100&#105&#118&#105&#110&#101 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 power resides &#105&#110 &#111&#110&#108&#121 &#116&#104&#111&#115&#101 &#102&#117&#110&#103&#105 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#97&#115 "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108&#13&#10&#116&#104&#114&#111&#117&#103&#104&#111&#117&#116 &#116&#104&#101 late Middle Ages and well into modern times.<br> The &#78&#101&#119 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#58 &#84&#104&#101 &#65&#122&#116&#101&#99&#115 in Mexico referred &#116&#111 &#97 &#110&#117&#109&#98&#101&#114 &#111&#102 small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, &#111&#114 &#34&#102&#108&#101&#115&#104 &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#71&#111&#100&#115&#46&#34 These sacred mushrooms &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#101&#97&#116&#101&#110&#13&#10&#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#114&#115&#101 of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the &#119&#111&#114&#108&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 the divine.<br> These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of &#97&#115 &#68&#101&#118&#105&#108 &#119&#111&#114&#115&#104&#105&#112&#112&#101&#114&#115&#44 &#119&#101&#114&#101 hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters &#100&#105&#100 &#110&#111&#116 &#98&#101&#99&#111&#109&#101 &#101&#120&#116&#105&#110&#99&#116&#46 Like mycelia underground, the cult &#99&#111&#110&#116&#105&#110&#117&#101&#100 &#116&#111 &#102&#108&#111&#117&#114&#105&#115&#104&#44 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#97&#116 the proper &#116&#105&#109&#101 &#105&#110 &#114&#101&#99&#111&#114&#100&#101&#100 &#104&#105&#115&#116&#111&#114&#121&#44 in 1957, the fruit of &#116&#104&#101 &#102&#117&#108&#108&#121 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and &#71&#111&#114&#100&#111&#110 &#87&#97&#115&#115&#111&#110 &#98&#101&#99&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#104&#101 heroes of &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#109&#111&#100&#101&#114&#110 &#110&#101&#111&#45&#109&#121&#99&#111&#112&#104&#105&#108&#105&#99 &#109&#111&#118&#101&#109&#101&#110&#116&#46&#13&#10&#66&#97&#99&#107 &#116&#111 the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#119&#101&#114&#101 &#115&#111 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#119&#111&#110&#100&#101&#114&#102&#117&#108&#44 &#116&#104&#97&#116&#13&#10&#111&#117&#114 native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 &#105&#110&#101&#100&#105&#98&#108&#101 &#45 &#104&#97&#100 to &#98&#101&#13&#10&#114&#101&#99&#111&#103&#110&#105&#122&#101&#100 &#97&#115 &#99&#108&#111&#115&#101&#108&#121 &#114&#101&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The &#115&#111&#117&#108&#115 &#111&#102 <H1>Magic mushrooms</H1> &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 in <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/shiitake+mushroom/edible+mushroom.php" title="Shiitake Mushroom Edible Mushroom" alt="Shiitake Mushroom Edible Mushroom" >Shiitake Mushroom Edible Mushroom</a> Mexico and Germany are &#101&#115&#115&#101&#110&#116&#105&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#116&#104&#101 same substance: &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#46&#13&#10&#74&#111&#99&#104&#101&#110 &#71&#97&#114&#116&#122 &#104&#97&#115 &#109&#97&#100&#101 &#97&#110 &#101&#120&#116&#114&#97&#111&#114&#100&#105&#110&#97&#114&#121&#13&#10&#99&#111&#110&#116&#114&#105&#98&#117&#116&#105&#111&#110 to the field of &#109&#121&#99&#111&#108&#111&#103&#121 &#98&#121 &#101&#109&#98&#114&#97&#99&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#71&#101&#114&#109&#97&#110&#121&#39&#115 &#109&#97&#103&#105&#99 mushrooms &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#13&#10&#115&#116&#117&#100&#121 &#97&#110&#100 testing of these fungi. &#84&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#13&#10&#101&#102&#102&#111&#114&#116&#115 &#117&#112&#111&#110 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 this &#98&#111&#111&#107 &#105&#115 &#98&#97&#115&#101&#100 &#114&#101&#113&#117&#105&#114&#101&#13&#10&#110&#111&#116&#104&#105&#110&#103 less than &#97 &#102&#101&#97&#114&#108&#101&#115&#115&#44 &#98&#114&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#110&#100 courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia.<br> I am &#99&#111&#110&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#97 &#114&#101&#115&#101&#97&#114&#99&#104&#101&#114&#39&#115 consciousness infused &#98&#121 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 &#111&#102 the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#105&#110&#115&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115 &#116&#104&#97&#110 &#119&#101&#13&#10&#99&#97&#110 ever expect from the usual &#105&#118&#111&#114&#121 &#116&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#97&#99&#97&#100&#101&#109&#105&#99&#115&#44 &#105&#115&#111&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#105&#116&#121 was followed by a very vivid sensation of the soul in flight, coupled with feelings of euphoria.When looking out the window into the dark night of a forest landscape, visions of strange patterns and formations occurred, which were deeply impressive and seemed to impart an inkling of eternity. At the end of four hours, the effects had dissipated without dysphoria or any type of somatic side effect. A control experiment for comparison purposes was performed using 0.8 g of dried Psilocybe semilanceata. The onset of symptoms was much more sudden, including a heavy flow of tears, so that there was an initial phase of anxiety. Only in a later phase of the experience was it possible to perceive ornaments in the form of "underwater streamers", and to appreciate the aesthetically enhanced nature of these visions. The regular pattern of. involuntary intoxications is a good indicator for the large scope of expansion of Inocybe aeruginascens into new habitats during the 1980s. For example, at the time of the initial intoxications - when the species was still restricted to a few easily quantifiable collections - the mushrooms had spread from Potsdam to the location known in 1982, and from there moved on to several other locations in the vicinity, where more than 150 mushrooms were found (see Figure 34). Symbiosis With Trees Starting in late May 1984, fruiting bodies of the species could be found in abundance at countless new locations across the Brandenburg region of Germany. They tend to grow near the roots of different deciduous trees (Populus, Tilia, Quercus, Betula), on lawns in parks and gardens, at the edges of trails and in the paved margin areas of tree-lined sidewalks (where they may even grow on bare, sandy soil) as well as amongst the greenery of residential areas in the suburbs and communities in and around Berlin. Herein lies the most marked difference between Inocybe aeruginascens and other European psychotropic mushroom species: Inocybe aeruginascens grows only in areas of human development. Their prime locations are in the middle of villages and towns, where they grow locally much like other Inocybe species. They may temporarily produce mass quantities of fruiting bodies, in those locations that are typical habitats for the edible varieties of the fairy ring mushroom. So far, the most abundant crop of fruiting bodies was observed in 1987, due to very wet weather conditions, which allowed the mushrooms to thrive. The following years were comparatively dry and the species hardly fruited at all. It wasn't until 1990 that a few mushrooms re-emerged at the classic location in Potsdam. Despite 1989 having been a bad year for mushrooms, it was the year when Inocybe aeruginascens was found for the first time at four locations in and around Rostock, a city located on the Eastern German coast, which is famous for its wet climate. Finding the mushrooms at these locations is evidence for a mu several members of a family eat the mushrooms together: it is not uncommon for a father, mother, children, uncles, and aunts to all participate in these transformations of the mind that elevate consciousness onto a higher plan. The kinship relation is thus the basis of the transcendental subjectivity that Husserl said is intersubjectivity. The mushrooms themselves are eaten in pairs, a couple representing man and woman that symbolizes the dual principle of procreation and creation. Then they sit together in their inner light, dream and realize and converse with each other, presences seated there together, their bodies immaterialized by the blackness, voices from without their communality. In a general sense, for everyone present the purpose of the session is a therapeutic catharsis. The chemicals of transformation of revelation that open the circuits of light, vision, and communication, called by us mind-manifesting, were known to the American Indians as medicines: the means given to men to know and to heal, to see and to say the truth. Among the Mazatecs, many, one time or another during their lives, have eaten the mushrooms, whether to cure themselves of an ailment or to resolve a problem; but it is not everyone who has a predilection for such extreme and arduous experiences of the creative imagination or who would want to repeat such journeys into the strange, unknown depths of the brain very frequently: those who do are the shamans, the masters, whose vocation it is to eat the mushrooms because they are the men of the spirit, the men of language, the men of wisdom. They are individuals recognized by their people to be expert in such psychological adventures, and when the others eat the mushrooms they always call to be with them, as a guide, one of those who is considered to be particularly acquainted with these modalities of the spirit. The medicine man presides over the session, for just as the Mazatec family is paternal and authoritarian, the liberating experience unfolds in the authoritarian context of a situation in which, rather than being allowed to speak or encouraged to express themselves, everyone is enjoined to keep silent and listen while the shaman speaks for each of those who are present. As one of the early Spanish chroniclers of the New World said: "They pay a sorcerer who eats them the mushrooms] and tells them what they have taught him. He does so by means of a rhythmic chant in full voice." </p> <p>as well. Below are some excerpts from his research protocols: J.H. (a 24-year-old male) ingested four cooked mushrooms at night, after a meal (!), and then ate another three fresh mushrooms 30 minutes later. This was followed by regurgitation, and 45 minutes later, he started to sweat profusely all over his head and body. His pulse rate and breathing were accelerated, but slowed down later on. He laid down and experienced visual hallucinations, which caused him to panic and to run a distance of about 1,200 ft. to consult the nearest doctor. The physician noted widely dilated pupils, and proceeded to have the patient's stomach pumped and then prescribed laxatives. Three hours later, the abnormal state had largely subsided; by the next morning, there was no evidence of any other side effects. M.K. (a 22-year-old male) ate just one fresh mushroom, which had no effects at all. K .Y. (a 31-year-old male) ate five mushrooms. Regurgitation occurred 30 minutes after ingestion, followed by sweating around the head and body; his extremities appeared to be slightly paralyzed. This paralysis persisted for another three hours. During this time, the subject had great difficulties handling a pen for writing, his mood was depressed and he experienced hallucinations, such as colorful lights flooding down from the sky. By the following morning, all of these effects had dissipated. The fresh fruiting bodies were bitter, a taste that disappeared after the mushrooms had been cooked in water. The above experiments are rather amateurish, and the descriptions of results are heavily influenced by a simplistic perspective which assumes that the mushrooms's pharmacological effects proceed along a single, narrow track. Still, these accounts demonstrate that comparable dosages of Japanese mushroom species have psychotropic effects similar to those caused by Psilocybe species found on other continents. Much work still remains to be done in the areas of phytochemistry and taxonomy before the body of knowledge about psychotropic mushroom species in Japan can grow to become adequate. The geographic distribution and ingredients of the Japanese Panaeolus species must also be studied further. For instance, Panaeolus subbalteatus is one of the species that are growing on several Japanese islands today. CHAPTER 7.6 INTOXICATIONS AND THE OLDEST KNOWN MUSHROOM CULT IN AFRICA So far, the mycoflora of the African continent has been studied only peripherally and remains largely unknown. During the late 1980s, Italian mycologist G. Samorini and Terence McKenna, working independently, found evidence for the oldest known mushroom cult in Africa. Their discoveries were not just sensational, but most surprising as well. On the other hand, it really shouldn't come as a surprise that the oldest traces of human contact with mushrooms were found on the very continent known as the cradle of humanity. 10,000 Years Old From 9,000 to ed and large numbers of studies were conducted, primarily with LSD. These investigators sought to discover the receptor binding sites for hallucinogenic compounds in the brain and to understand the mechanisms underlying the genesis of psychedelic visions. Today, we still lack a sound theoretical framework able to explain the relationship between chemical compounds and the manifestation of their psychoactivity. Even though basic research is certainly important, its methods, unfortunately, are often a function of a rather one-sided pharmacological approach to investigating the effects of psilocybin, LSD and mescaline - an approach that is, in fact, too narrow to address the remarkably unusual nature of these substances and their effects. Misunderstandings between pharmacologists and toxicologists on the one hand and psychiatrists and psychologists on the other can often be traced all the way back to the 1950's, creating a legacy of disputes and arguments that have yet to be resolved. S. Grof undertook the tedious task of analyzing 5,000 experimental LSD protocols in an effort to isolate "absolute" symptoms that are reported or occur all of the time. His results were negative. According to Grof, hallucinogenic substances are non-specific triggers causing a sequence of altered states of consciousness, which do not fit the syndrome labeled "toxic psychosis". Rather, it is the individual's personality, along with the experimental setting that significantly shape the nature of the psychedelic experience. This view is shared by a majority of experts with considerable experience in conducting psychedelics-assisted psychotherapy. Even "real" somatic symptoms, such as nausea or vomiting, can often be controlled through psychological intervention techniques administered by trained professionals. A Plethora of Names The broad range of possible experiences inspired the use of labels other than "hallucinogens", with widely differing semantic connotations: entheogens, psychedelics, illusionogens, psycholytics, psychomimetics, psychodysleptica, psychoemetics and others. "Phantastica" (Lewin) is the oldest label ever used to describe this class of substances. This term successfully evokes dream-like, fanciful aspects of the experience, as well as the potential for euphoric and dysphoric emotional overtones. More recent terminology often says more about semantic biases of those who use the labels than about any factual, objective characteristics of the alkaloids they refer to. Accordingly, official antidrug propaganda since the 1960's has disparaged "psychedelics" as excessively glamorous and too positive a label, as the term was popular among Timothy Leary's fans and supporters. When used in low doses or for the first time, these substances are most likely to bring about a kind of magical transformation of surroundings, with a heightened ability to perceive subtle differences along the color spectru <p align="left"> Most users of &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#115&#121&#99&#104&#111&#97&#99&#116&#105&#118&#101 mushrooms with bronze caps &#118&#105&#115&#105&#111&#110&#97&#114&#121 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 have very little knowledge of their &#115&#99&#105&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99 &#110&#97&#109&#101&#115&#46 &#73&#110&#115&#116&#101&#97&#100&#44 &#116&#104&#101&#121 have given &#116&#104&#101&#105&#114 &#102&#97&#118&#111&#114&#105&#116&#101 <H2>best things to do on shrooms</H2> &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108 &#101&#112&#105&#116&#104&#101&#116&#115 which &#97&#114&#101 &#99&#111&#109&#109&#111&#110&#108&#121 &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#98&#121 those who &#99&#111&#108&#108&#101&#99&#116 &#97&#110&#100 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116 &#116&#104&#101&#109&#46 Some of these popular names are also known and applied by users outside of &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#90&#46 &#34&#77&#97&#103&#105&#99 Mushrooms" is the most common term applied &#116&#111 &#97&#110&#121 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 contains psilocybine and/or &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#105&#110&#101&#46 &#73&#116 &#119&#97&#115 &#105&#110&#118&#101&#110&#116&#101&#100 by &#97 &#76&#105&#102&#101 &#77&#97&#103&#97&#122&#105&#110&#101 &#101&#100&#105&#116&#111&#114 in l957 ( see Wasson, l957).<br> Psilocybe cubensis is known in Australia as &#34&#103&#111&#108&#100&#101&#110 &#116&#111&#112&#115&#34&#44 <H3>what animal poop start shrooms to grow?</H3> &#34&#103&#111&#108&#100 &#116&#111&#112&#115&#34 or sometimes "gold caps." &#84&#104&#101 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 &#101&#112&#105&#116&#104&#101&#116&#115 &#109&#97&#121 have been given &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#98&#121 members &#111&#102 &#97 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108&#44 &#100&#114&#117&#103&#117&#115&#105&#110&#103 group &#111&#102 &#115&#117&#114&#102&#101&#114&#115 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#102&#114&#101&#113&#117&#101&#110&#116&#101&#100 the Gold Coast region of Eastern Australia; however, some of these names &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#97&#112&#112&#97&#114&#101&#110&#116&#108&#121 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#117&#115&#101&#100 to describe several <H2>mushrooms with bronze caps</H2> &#100&#105&#102&#102&#101&#114&#101&#110&#116 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#105&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 by users in Australia (see Allen, 1997).<br> As mentioned above, Psilocybe cubensis is not known to occur &#105&#110 &#78&#101&#119 &#90&#101&#97&#108&#97&#110&#100&#46 &#84&#104&#111&#115&#101 who ingest Copelandia cyanescens, known &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119 Zealand as "blue meanies", also refer to this species as "Blue Legs", &#34&#103&#111&#108&#100&#101&#110 &#116&#111&#112&#115&#34 &#111&#114 &#34&#103&#111&#108&#100 caps".<br> The &#108&#97&#116&#116&#101&#114 &#116&#119&#111 &#110&#105&#99&#107&#110&#97&#109&#101&#115&#44 &#97&#115 well as "dimple tops" and "cone heads", are common terms applied to Copelandia cyanescens in the Hawaiian Islands; and some &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101&#115&#101 &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#112&#111&#112&#117&#108&#97&#114 &#110&#97&#109&#101&#115 have also been &#117&#115&#101&#100 &#98&#121 &#118&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#115&#117&#114&#102&#101&#114&#115 &#102&#114&#111&#109 both New Zealand and Australia, <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/psilocybinsporeoregon.php" title="Psilocybinsporeoregon" alt="Psilocybinsporeoregon" >Psilocybinsporeoregon</a> &#116&#111 &#100&#101&#115&#99&#114&#105&#98&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#99&#114&#111&#115&#99&#111&#112&#105&#99 characteristics of Copelandia cyanescens. These same surfers visiting Hawaii's North &#83&#104&#111&#114&#101 &#104&#97&#118&#101 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100&#108&#121 &#105&#110&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 prior &#116&#111 &#115&#117&#114&#102&#105&#110&#103&#44 &#97&#115 &#100&#111 many of the &#108&#111&#99&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#98&#97&#115&#101&#100 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magicmushroomguide.php" title="Magicmushroomguide" alt="Magicmushroomguide" >Magicmushroomguide</a> &#115&#117&#114&#102&#101&#114&#115 &#105&#110 Australia &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#90&#46 </p> <p align="center"> <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/magic+mushroom/hallucinogenic+mushroom.php" title="Magic Archives Magic Archives Magic Archives Hallucinogenic" alt="Magic Archives Magic Archives Magic Archives Hallucinogenic" >Magic Archives Magic Archives Magic Archives Hallucinogenic</a> It &#104&#97&#115 &#98&#101&#101&#110 &#115&#117&#103&#103&#101&#115&#116&#101&#100 &#98&#121 an &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97&#110 &#112&#104&#121&#115&#105&#99&#105&#97&#110 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 general public in Australia, &#97&#115 &#119&#101&#108&#108 &#97&#115 &#109&#101&#109&#98&#101&#114&#115 of its &#100&#114&#117&#103 &#117&#115&#105&#110&#103 &#115&#117&#98&#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#101&#44 </p> <div align="right"> More than half of Australia's beef <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/mushroomsaustralia.php" title="Mushroomsaustralia" alt="Mushroomsaustralia" >Mushroomsaustralia</a> cattle can &#98&#101 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 coastal areas of &#81&#117&#101&#101&#110&#115&#108&#97&#110&#100 &#97&#110&#100 &#78&#101&#119 &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104 Wales; and the 20 &#116&#111 &#51&#48 &#105&#110&#99&#104 &#40&#53&#48&#48&#45&#55&#53&#48&#109&#109&#41 rainfall belt of Queensland, &#78&#101&#119 &#83&#111&#117&#116&#104 &#87&#97&#108&#101&#115 &#97&#110&#100 Northern &#86&#105&#99&#116&#111&#114&#105&#97&#44 &#103&#101&#110&#101&#114&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#100&#101 &#97&#100&#101&#113&#117&#97&#116&#101 &#99&#108&#105&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99 environments &#102&#111&#114 &#116&#104&#101 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#116&#104 &#111&#102 psilocybian mushrooms, especially after heavy rains. It has been suggested <H1>identification identification mushroom</H1> that "Psilocybe cubensis was introduced &#105&#110&#116&#111 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#97&#99&#99&#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#97&#108&#108&#121 &#98&#121 early settlers along with their &#108&#105&#118&#101&#115&#116&#111&#99&#107&#46&#34 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#115&#112&#111&#114&#101 dispersal mechanism also probably applies to Copelandia &#99&#121&#97&#110&#101&#115&#99&#101&#110&#115&#44 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#117&#115 &#115&#117&#98&#98&#97&#108&#116&#101&#97&#116&#117&#115 &#97&#110&#100 several additional species &#107&#110&#111&#119&#110 &#116&#111 &#111&#99&#99&#117&#114 &#105&#110 or &#97&#114&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#100&#117&#110&#103 &#111&#102 other &#114&#117&#109&#105&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115&#46 &#84&#104&#105&#115 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#101&#115 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 and the &#110&#111&#110&#45&#104&#97&#108&#108&#117&#99&#105&#110&#111&#103&#101&#110&#105&#99 &#34&#104&#97&#121&#109&#97&#107&#101&#114&#39&#115&#34 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#80&#97&#110&#97&#101&#111&#108&#105&#110&#97 foenisecii. While cattle are raised in all Australian states, as &#119&#101&#108&#108 <i>How To Identify Psychedelic Mushrooms Of Southeastern Usa</i> &#97&#115 &#105&#110 <H1>Mexican Gold Mushrooms</H1> &#116&#104&#101 central <u>physiology of Psilocybe cyanescens</u> lowlands, recreational users have been known to export these psychoptic species to &#118&#97&#114&#105&#111&#117&#115 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#97&#114&#101&#97&#115 where they were collected. In the case of New Zealand, hereafter referred to as NZ, cattle are the &#112&#114&#105&#109&#97&#114&#121 &#115&#111&#117&#114&#99&#101 &#102&#111&#114 &#67&#111&#112&#101&#108&#97&#110&#100&#105&#97 cyanescens, but the "liberty &#99&#97&#112&#34 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101 &#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 only grows in &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101&#100 &#115&#111&#105&#108 &#111&#102 four-legged ruminants and not directly from &#109&#97&#110&#117&#114&#101 &#40&#74&#97&#110&#115&#101&#110&#44 &#80&#101&#114&#115&#46 &#67&#111&#109&#109&#46&#44 1988). &#84&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#110&#116&#105&#102&#105&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#115&#101&#99&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 this &#103&#117&#105&#100&#101 &#100&#111&#99&#117&#109&#101&#110&#116&#115 &#114&#101&#112&#111&#114&#116&#101&#100 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#115 for more than 1 dozen species &#111&#102 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#97&#110 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110 &#65&#117&#115&#116&#114&#97&#108&#105&#97 and &#78&#90 &#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 have been used at one time &#111&#114 &#97&#110&#111&#116&#104&#101&#114 &#102&#111&#114 &#114&#101&#99&#114&#101&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110&#97&#108 purposes. </div> own cause of death and disease, bloated stomachs and insanity. Beliefs such as these have survived to the present day. They persist, for example,,, as figures of speech, s u c h as the slick Austrian description of a societal misfit as someone "who ate those madness-inducing mushrooms." But, there is another, very different, magic mushroom legacy as well. Flesh of the Gods for Devil Worshippers The Old World. Mycenaean civilization began with a mushroom trip -Mushrooms were an ingredient in the ambrosia of Dionysus. Porphyrius, the fourth century Latin poet and contemporary of Emperor Konstantin, knew that magic mushrooms were the children of the gods. WHO WAS THE FIRST MAGICIAN? A quasi-cannibalistic ritual, the act of eating the children of the gods unlocked one's power to experience the truly divine. But not all mushrooms enable human beings to enter the realm of divine consciousness. This magic power resides in only those fungi known as "fool's mushrooms", which were considered poisonous and believed to be the spawn of the Devil throughout the late Middle Ages and well into modern times. The New World: The Aztecs in Mexico referred to a number of small, inconspicuous mushrooms as teonartacatl, or "flesh of the Gods." These sacred mushrooms were eaten during the course of rituals intended to contact the Gods in order to learn about the world and the realm of the divine. These magic mushroom rituals thoroughly spooked the Catholic Spaniards. The mushroom eaters, commonly thought of as Devil worshippers, were hounded by the Inquisition. Still, all good things survive the tests of time, so the cult of magic mushroom eaters did not become extinct. Like mycelia underground, the cult continued to flourish, and at the proper time in recorded history, in 1957, the fruit of the fully grown mushroom re-surfaced to draw widespread public attention. Valentine and Gordon Wasson became the heroes of the modern neo-mycophilic movement. Back to the Old World: The revelations and insights gained from the use of psychoactive mushrooms were so magically wonderful, that our native European "fool's mushrooms" - which were gene ; considered inedible - had to be recognized as closely related to the magic mushrooms of Mexico, the flesh of the Aztec Gods. The souls of magic mushrooms in Mexico and Germany are essentially made from the same substance: psilocybin. Jochen Gartz has made an extraordinary contribution to the field of mycology by embracing Germany's magic mushrooms and the scientific study and testing of these fungi. The research efforts upon which this book is based require nothing less than a fearless, brave and courageous consciousness, free of prejudice and mycophobia. I am convinced that a researcher's consciousness infused by the spirit of the magic mushroom is capable of far deeper scientific insights than we can ever expect from the usual ivory tower academics, isolated from reality <div align="right"> and familiarity with psychotropic &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#69&#117&#114&#111&#112&#101 &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#105&#115 most &#108&#105&#107&#101&#108&#121 &#100&#101&#114&#105&#118&#101&#100 &#102&#114&#111&#109 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 of Psilocybes and related species, rather than experience with Amanita muscaria. However, &#105&#116 &#105&#115&#13&#10&#101&#120&#116&#114&#101&#109&#101&#108&#121 &#100&#105&#102&#102&#105&#99&#117&#108&#116 &#116&#111 reject or confirm this hypothesis, &#100&#117&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#101 &#108&#97&#99&#107 &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#99&#108&#117&#115&#105&#118&#101 data available for &#97&#110&#97&#108&#121&#115&#105&#115 &#116&#111&#100&#97&#121&#46&#13&#10&#66&#119&#121&#100 &#69&#108&#108&#121&#108&#111&#110&#58 &#65 Feast &#111&#102 &#70&#97&#105&#114&#105&#101&#115 &#105&#110&#13&#10&#67&#101&#108&#101&#98&#114&#97&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#111&#102 the &#83&#112&#105&#114&#105&#116 &#87&#111&#114&#108&#100&#13&#10&#84&#97&#108&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#114&#105&#116&#117&#97&#108&#105&#115&#116&#105&#99 mushroom usage have found their way into &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#97&#108&#109 &#111&#102 &#109&#121&#116&#104&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#108&#101&#103&#101&#110&#100&#115&#46 For instance, one legend describes a peculiar poisonous mushroom in Wales &#40&#66&#114&#105&#116&#105&#115&#104&#13&#10&#73&#115&#108&#101&#115&#41 &#119&#105&#116&#104 &#116&#104&#101 &#115&#116&#114&#97&#110&#103&#101 name of &#66&#119&#121&#100 &#69&#108&#108&#121&#108&#111&#110&#44&#13&#10&#119&#104&#105&#99&#104 &#119&#97&#115 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#105&#100&#101&#114&#101&#100 a delicacy by fairies feasting in celebration of the spirit world. Psilocybe semilanceata is &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#111&#115&#116 &#105&#109&#112&#111&#114&#116&#97&#110&#116 &#112&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#105&#110&#99&#111&#110&#116&#97&#105&#110&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#105&#110 Europe and it thrives in parts of Great Britain, &#119&#104&#101&#114&#101 &#116&#104&#101 &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#103&#114&#111&#119&#115&#13&#10&#97&#98&#117&#110&#100&#97&#110&#116&#108&#121 all across the Welsh countryside during fall season. I &#119&#111&#117&#108&#100 &#108&#105&#107&#101 &#116&#111 &#116&#104&#97&#110&#107 G. Samorini for pointing out &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#116&#104&#101 &#73&#110&#113&#117&#105&#115&#105&#116&#105&#111&#110 &#119&#97&#115 &#117&#110&#117&#115&#117&#97&#108&#108&#121&#13&#10&#99&#114&#117&#101&#108 and vicious in &#116&#104&#101 &#65&#108&#112&#105&#110&#101 &#118&#97&#108&#108&#101&#121&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#86&#97&#108&#99&#97&#109&#111&#110&#105&#99&#97&#44 Valtrompia and &#86&#97&#108&#116&#101&#108&#108&#105&#110&#97 &#40&#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100&#13&#10&#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#105&#110&#99&#101&#115 of Brescia and Sandrio in Northern Italy). &#77&#97&#110&#121 &#98&#111&#111&#107&#115 &#99&#104&#114&#111&#110&#105&#99&#108&#101 &#99&#111&#117&#110&#116&#108&#101&#115&#115&#13&#10&#119&#105&#116&#99&#104 burnings in that region, with &#112&#97&#114&#116&#105&#99&#117&#108&#97&#114&#13&#10&#101&#109&#112&#104&#97&#115&#105&#115 &#111&#110 &#116&#104&#101 &#119&#105&#116&#99&#104&#101&#115&#39 meetings at magic mushroom picking time &#116&#104&#101 &#34&#77&#111&#110&#116&#101&#13&#10&#100&#101&#108 &#84&#111&#110&#97&#108&#101&#34&#44 &#108&#111&#99&#97&#116&#101&#100 at an altitude of 2000 m (ca.<br> 6,000 ft). Field research has shown that &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#111&#102&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#110&#105&#103&#104&#116&#115&#104&#97&#100&#101 &#102&#97&#109&#105&#108&#121 ("witching herbs") do not grow at &#116&#104&#105&#115 &#97&#108&#116&#105&#116&#117&#100&#101&#59 &#101&#118&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#101 fly agaric mushroom is &#114&#97&#114&#101&#108&#121 &#102&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101&#114&#101&#46 &#66&#121 contrast, pastures &#105&#110 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#97&#114&#101&#97 &#97&#98&#111&#117&#110&#100 &#119&#105&#116&#104 Psilocybe semilanceata &#100&#117&#114&#105&#110&#103&#13&#10&#116&#104&#101 &#102&#97&#108&#108&#46 &#71&#105&#118&#101&#110 &#116&#104&#105&#115 historical context, it would seem likely &#116&#104&#97&#116 &#80&#115&#105&#108&#111&#99&#121&#98&#101&#13&#10&#115&#101&#109&#105&#108&#97&#110&#99&#101&#97&#116&#97 &#112&#108&#97&#121&#101&#100 &#97&#110 important role as a psychotropic agent in the region (see Figure 58, Chapter 7.<br>4).<br> In light of medieval accounts describing the practice of witchcraft, &#105&#116 &#105&#115 &#105&#110&#116&#101&#114&#101&#115&#116&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#111 note that a subjective sensation of flying or levitation is among the commonly reported effects of psilocybin intoxication. Berserk &#82&#97&#103&#101 &#111&#102 &#78&#111&#114&#100&#105&#99 &#87&#97&#114&#114&#105&#111&#114&#115&#13&#10&#73&#110 the course &#111&#102 &#116&#104&#101 &#105&#100&#101&#111&#108&#111&#103&#105&#99&#97&#108 &#112&#111&#119&#101&#114&#13&#10&#115&#116&#114&#117&#103&#103&#108&#101 between &#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110&#105&#116&#121 &#97&#110&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#114&#101&#109&#110&#97&#110&#116&#115 of pagan religions that worshipped Nature, &#109&#97&#110&#121&#13&#10&#115&#111&#117&#114&#99&#101&#115 &#111&#102 &#107&#110&#111&#119&#108&#101&#100&#103&#101 &#119&#101&#114&#101 lost. The aggressive repression and eradication &#111&#102 &#112&#114&#101&#45&#67&#104&#114&#105&#115&#116&#105&#97&#110&#13&#10&#99&#117&#115&#116&#111&#109&#115 &#97&#108&#108 &#98&#117&#116 destroyed the continuity of Europe's original cultural heritage, along with much historic evidence documenting early &#99&#117&#108&#116&#117&#114&#97&#108&#13&#10&#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101&#115&#44 &#105&#110&#99&#108&#117&#100&#105&#110&#103 &#116&#104&#101 &#117&#115&#97&#103&#101 of &#112&#108&#97&#110&#116&#115 &#97&#110&#100&#13&#10&#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109&#115 &#102&#111&#114 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/euphoric+mushrooms.php" title="Mushrooms Archives Mushrooms" alt="Mushrooms Archives Mushrooms" >Mushrooms Archives Mushrooms</a> &#116&#104&#101 purpose of temporary alterations &#111&#102 &#99&#111&#110&#115&#99&#105&#111&#117&#115&#110&#101&#115&#115&#46&#13&#10&#83&#111&#109&#101 &#97&#117&#116&#104&#111&#114&#115 &#119&#101&#110&#116 so far &#97&#115 &#116&#111 &#98&#108&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#104&#101&#13&#10&#102&#108&#121 magic mushroom picking time agaric &#109&#117&#115&#104&#114&#111&#111&#109 &#102&#111&#114 &#112&#114&#111&#118&#101&#114&#98&#105&#97&#108 &#102&#105&#116&#115 of "berserk rage" attributed to Nordic warriors.<br> Many accounts detailing this phenomenon allude to a "deception of the eyes" (i.e. visual hallucinations). After the Nordic legal &#115&#121&#115&#116&#101&#109 &#98&#97&#110&#105&#115&#104&#101&#100 &#116&#104&#101 &#112&#114&#97&#99&#116&#105&#99&#101 of "going berserk", it disappeared quite suddenly during the 12th century. At about the &#115&#97&#109&#101 &#116&#105&#109&#101&#44&#13&#10&#83&#97&#120&#111 &#71&#114&#97&#109&#109&#97&#116&#105&#99&#117&#115 &#115&#112&#101&#99&#117&#108&#97&#116&#101&#100 that the Berserkers may have used mag </div> </p> </div> <div id="footer"> <div class="left"> <a href="/Contact.html" class="doNotPrint">Archives</a><br /> <a href="/Gallery.html" class="doNotPrint">Articles</a> </div> <br class="doNotDisplay doNotPrint" /> <div class="right"> copyright © 2006 <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/bad+shrooms/psilocybe+quebecensis/" title="Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis" alt="Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis" >Bad Shrooms Psilocybe Quebecensis</a><br /> design by <a href="http://mushroomstore.biz/SeattlePsilocybesemilanceata.php" title="Seattlepsilocybesemilanceata" alt="Seattlepsilocybesemilanceata" >Seattlepsilocybesemilanceata</a> </div></div> </body>